Meanwhile, the number of foreign travellers to Japan has surpassed its pre-COVID highs. Government data shows that the monthly total broke 3 million for the first time in March and has been above that for three months. Their spending has also risen more from pre-pandemic levels than in other major economies. Inbound expenditures grew 38.8% in Japan between October-December 2019 and the same quarter of 2023, according to the Japanese government's annual white paper on tourism. This compares with gains of 30.7% and 16.5% in Spain and Italy, respectively, and declines of 4.3% in the U.S. and 1.6% in Singapore. Per-visitor spending in Japan jumped 31% between 2019 and 2023.