Thanks, Julia, and welcome aboard. I've been in Japan since 1998 as a teacher. Prior to that I was here for 5 months in another industry.
a sophomore in college under the major of Social Sciences, but possibly considering about switching to Psychology. When it comes down to it, I do lean more towards Sociology because I like the study of people and how they work individually, in groups and in society in general. I would love to work in a job where I can help people by any means, but I know I must take these things one step at a time; especially if I would be travelling overseas.
But you can't work as a traveler. Visa regulations. So, my first advice is to think of whatever work is feasible and related to your major, and plan around that. So, think about what sort of job (if any) that would help you back home.
Can we presume you are thinking about work in Japan only as a short-term thing, and then you would return to the US for work or an advanced degree? One tip: you won't get far over here with just a bachelor's degree, but it
is a minimum requirement for work visas.
I've considered seeing about trying ALT/Eikaiwa work as a first stop, and I know it is a stereotypical job most foreigners go for to get into Japan, but would it be worth it? I've also heard that ALT/Eikaiwa work doesn't pay well, which worries me.
"Worth it" in what respect? Being related to your future career? My answer would be "perhaps". It's in a social field, but my next question is to ask why you've chosen to come here for something? It kind of relates to my first question about staying or not staying. You could probably find social/psych related work far more easily back there if all you want is some sort of experience. Maybe you want a certain kind of experience, that is, dealing with Japanese/Asians for some reason...?
ALT and eikaiwa work pays a minimum wage. That means it's enough to live on. Depending on circumstances, you might be able to save a little, too. Circumstances means location (urban vs rural), type of housing, your personal spending habits, how often you travel, etc. If you're satisfied with what type of apartment the average person gets, expect to spend 80,000 for rent, but you'll have to cough up twice that or more just to move in. Utilities will run a certain amount depending on your usage and the season, maybe another 7000 per month. Phone could be 5000-8000 per month including Internet. That leaves food. Unless you end up in the country where a car/scooter might be needed (factor in gas, insurance, and parking), I'd say you could probably live without it. Most full-time places will reimburse for commuting. And, then there is medical insurance, which is cheap the first year (2500 per month, or so) and goes up tenfold the following. So, on a fairly average salary of 250,000 per month, you can see how much that will leave you. Now subtract everything else you can think of:
hair care
clothing
dry cleaning
travel and entertainment
long distance calls home (unless you're satisfied with Skype video calls)
emergency money or special meds that you already take
Another question for you is to ask what you already know of the teaching business.
Frankly, for a person in your upcoming position after graduation (BA degree, probably no work experience and very little Japanese), teaching is about all you can count on. You can get hired by the few big outfits who recruit overseas, or by JET Programme, or you can take a risk and come here, set yourself up, and job hunt (but choose a good time of year, and right now is
not it).