Meteorologists say several large-scale climate patterns are contributing to the forecast. A developing La Niña pattern is expected to emerge later this year, while conditions in the Indian Ocean are also likely to favour enhanced storm formation. These patterns are expected to strengthen westerly winds near the Philippines, where they will interact with easterly trade winds and promote vigorous thunderstorm activity over the waters east of the Philippines, a primary breeding ground for typhoons affecting East Asia. Sea surface temperatures are also expected to remain above average through autumn. Warmer ocean waters provide additional moisture and energy for tropical systems, increasing the likelihood that storms will both form and intensify.