Japan wants long-range strike assets, which demands an ISR architecture to support it. Spending on munitions without the correct sensing capabilities will only waste effort and critical resourcing. Increasing the capacity and survivability of the JSDF's ISR assets will be an essential line of effort over the lifespan of the Defense Buildup Program and beyond as Japan's long-range strike capabilities mature. Assets such as unmanned systems, distributed space-based sensing, and additional mobile radar are all potential options for the JSDF to pursue to get its ISR needs. That will require Japan to refocus its efforts away from traditional spending pathologies and to truly narrow its focus on building a credible strike capability. Achieving well-built, capable ISR infrastructure will be complex, but doing so underpins Japan's long-range strike ambitions.