The power hikes could raise inflation by as much as 0.42 percentage point, according to former BOJ board member Takahide Kiuchi, an economist at Nomura Research Institute. Japan's key inflation rate was 3.1% in April. While the BOJ expects it to weaken below 2% in the second half of the fiscal year, which began last month, the longer it remains above that target, the more likely speculation of possible policy change will smolder on. The latest hikes are likely within the BOJ's expectations, according to Taro Saito, head of economic research at NLI Research Institute. Still, for most consumers electricity bills are likely to continue falling from a year ago as lower oil and natural gas prices outweigh the higher rates. Additionally, government subsidies that took effect earlier this year have held down retail costs.