By 2040 the number of cancer patients will increase in 16 urban prefectures but decline in 31 others, according to health ministry projections. However, among patients aged 85 and older, the number is expected to rise in nearly all regions, except for a few remote rural areas. These demographic shifts are expected to reshape demand for the three pillars of cancer treatment by 2040. The need for surgery is projected to decline by 5 percent. But radiation therapy and drug therapy, both commonly used for older patients, are anticipated to rise by 24 percent and 15 percent, respectively. There is some good news. The panel's report indicates no shortfall in radiation therapy doctors through 2040. However, it may be financially unsustainable to provide expensive equipment in areas facing population decline and fewer patients. As for drug therapy, there are no concrete estimates of a potential surplus or shortage of physicians. Unlike surgery, drug therapy requires ongoing, scheduled treatments. The report recommends pursuing "equitable access through measures such as telemedicine," particularly in regions with limited resources.