Ostensibly pacifist Japan has in recent years loosened onerous restrictions that have undercut the ability of its companies to compete in the defence sector — part of a broader buildup and policy shift that comes amid what Tokyo says is "the most severe and complex security environment since the end of World War II." These changes have driven a flurry of domestic orders, according to SIRPI, with some companies seeing the value of new orders increase by more than 300%. [...] Japan has also reportedly started crafting a strategy to strengthen its defence industry and promote exports to lay out medium- to long-term goals by next year. The new strategy is likely to focus on encouraging collaboration among businesses, government and academia. However, analysts say deep-seated challenges remain, including a reluctance by Japanese research centres to engage in research and development related to security and defence technologies due to the stigma attached to working on such projects.