How do you know... ON/KUN and beyond

[Toritoribe]

I don't get the first one, did I need to put honjin after Takeshi? Second one as well.

窶怒ﾂ人ﾂ?≫?堙吮?堙ｱ窶堙閏/COLOR]窶堙ｱ

窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、ﾂ債｡窶敕凪?｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
In this sentence, the subject of 窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ is ambiguous. 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙 only shows that the source of hearsay is 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ. I think 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙債〜窶堙?陳ｾ窶堙≫?堙??堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽ is most natural in this case.

窶愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ also confused me, because I wanted to say "According to the newspaper, Genki is the most read book in Japan this week."

ﾂ債｡ﾂ週ﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ窶怒: the book that was most frequently read in this week
When you use 窶愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ, you need to clarify who the subject is, as in ﾂ債｡ﾂ週窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾂ人窶堋ｪﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ窶怒.

Lastly, I just wanted to ask, why is it 窶ｰJ窶堋ｪﾂ降窶堙ｩ? From Chapter 13 I remember 窶ｰJ窶堋ｪﾂ降窶堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堋ｾ meant, "It looks like it's going to rain". Is this sentence okay if I use it in that context?

窶堋ｳ窶堙??堋､窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙梗COLOR="Red"]窶板｣ﾂ債･窶堋ｵ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶督ｾ窶愿ｺ窶堙梗COLOR="Red"]ﾅ?ﾂｦ窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋｢[/COLOR]窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?板ｷﾂ行窶ｰﾃｯﾅｽﾃ絶?堙閏COLOR="Red"]ﾂ就ﾂ職窶堋ｵ窶堋ｽ[/COLOR]窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶ｰf窶ｰﾃｦﾅ?ﾃ吮?堙梗COLOR="Red"]ﾂ債ｬ窶堙懌?堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ[/COLOR]窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶怒ﾂ人窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、ﾂ債｡窶敕甜COLOR="Red"]窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢[/COLOR]窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ暖ﾆ停ぎ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶佚･窶ｰﾃ??堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙梗COLOR="Red"]窶堋ｯ窶堋ｿ窶堋ｾ[/COLOR]窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。

As you can see, they are all "dictionary/past form + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､." This structure means "I heard that~." On the other hand, 窶ｰJ窶堋ｪﾂ降窶堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堋ｾ(pre-masu form + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､) shows that the speaker judged it by himself, from what he saw or like that. So you can translate it "It looks like it's going to rain," not "I heard it's going to rain.";-)

dictionary/past form of verb/adjective + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､: I heard that~
pre-masu form of verb + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､/stem of adjective + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､ or 窶堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､: it seems/looks like~ (e.g. ﾂ降窶堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､, ﾅ?ﾂｦ窶堋ｻ窶堋､, ﾅ?ﾂｦ窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､)

 

[Elizabeth]

窶怒ﾂ人ﾂ?≫?堙吮?堙ｱ窶堙閏/COLOR]窶堙ｱ
窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、ﾂ債｡窶敕凪?｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
In this sentence, the subject of 窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ is ambiguous. 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙 only shows that the source of hearsay is 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ. I think 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙債〜窶堙?陳ｾ窶堙≫?堙??堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽ is most natural in this case.

"According to Takeshi, (subject) has to study because there's an exam tomorrow" makes the best sense I would think if Takeshi is informing other classmates of the test and reinforcing their responsibility to study.

窶堋ｳ窶堙??堋､窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?板｣ﾂ債･窶堋ｵ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶督ｾ窶愿ｺ窶堙最?ﾂｦ窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?板ｷﾂ行窶ｰﾃｯﾅｽﾃ絶?堙可就ﾂ職窶堋ｵ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶ｰf窶ｰﾃｦﾅ?ﾃ吮?堙債債ｬ窶堙懌?堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶怒ﾂ人窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶堋ｽ窶堋ｯ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、ﾂ債｡窶敕凪?｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ暖ﾆ停ぎ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙俄?堙ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堙?、窶佚･窶ｰﾃ??堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙坂?堋ｯ窶堋ｿ窶堋ｾ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。

As you can see, they are all "dictionary/past form + 窶堋ｻ窶堋､." This structure means "I heard that~."

Heresay from a verbal or written source. Very similar to Apparently/I've heard that/they say that...etc. in English.

 

[Putrefaction]

Ohh, I get it! Since it says the source is the newspaper, I have to put 降る. If it were me just saying it, then it'd be 降り. Thanks again!

I just set up a keyboard on my computer for Japanese so let's see if this will also work! I was looking at the shiritori Kanji topic and came across this sentence in WWWJDIC

彼が飛行機に乗り込むと、見物人が集まってきた。

And I understood it (99% of it)!

 

[Elizabeth]

Ohh, I get it! Since it says the source is the newspaper, I have to put 降る. If it were me just saying it, then it'd be 降り. Thanks again!

そうですね。
「降るそうです」という言葉は、不確かな事について話をする場合に使われる言葉です。とくに誰か他人から聞いた意見などについて話すときに使う言葉で、自分の意見を話す場合に使う言葉ではないですね。 You can't use 降るそう for your opinion about the rain.


実際に雨が降っているまで雨が降るかどうかわからないので、「降りそう」という言葉を使うことが出来ますね。You can use 降りそう until it actually begins.

I just set up a keyboard on my computer for Japanese so let's see if this will also work! I was looking at the shiritori Kanji topic and came across this sentence in WWWJDIC

彼が飛行機に乗り込むと、見物人が集まってきた。

おめでとうございます！！！

 

[Putrefaction]

ありがとう

Did that come out as arigato? I can't tell.

 

[Elizabeth]

窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋ｪ窶堙??堋､

Did that come out as arigato? I can't tell.

IME窶堙ｰﾅｽg窶廃窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堙? 窶堙??堋､窶堙｢窶堙≫?堙??愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰ窶愿ｼ窶氾坂?堋ｵ窶堙??堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｩ? :?

 

[Putrefaction]

It came out in weird letters and numbers, but when I posted it I guess it comes out in hiragana. Awesome.

 

[Putrefaction]

Hey guys.

As I enter my third year it's gonna be harder for me to do Japanese but I'll try to post something I did on the weekends or something! I went to my sensei's review session thing and ended up getting some right, but did not record audio haha.

 

[Putrefaction]

Can't edit it.


友だちがたくさんできたら、
成績がよかったら、いい大学に行けます。
日本に行けたら、日本語を分かるのが上手になります。
学校が休みだったら、旅行をします。
宿題がなかったら、早く寝ます。
プレゼントをもらったら、うれしいです。
物価が安かったら、たくさんを買えます。
いい天気だったら、一番好きなレストランに食べに行けます。
弁護士になれたら、お金があれます。
先生がやさしかったら、余り勉強しなくてもいいです。


I haven't done it in a long time as you can tell, but I hope these are right. Next chapter is transitive and intransitive, followed by honorifics...as usual, thanks for checking my work.

 

[Toritoribe]

日本に行けたら、日本語がわかるようになります/うまくなります。
物価が安かったら、たくさんものが買えます。
弁護士になれたら、お金ができます/お金持ちになれます。
(The potential form of ある can be used only as ありえる/ありうる; "the pre-masu form of ある + the auxiliary verb える/うる", not あれる. Plus, you can't use ありえる/ありうる in this context.;-))

EDIT:
To think of ありえる/ありうる, it expresses "probability." ある doesn't have potential form.

 

[Elizabeth]

日本に行けたら、日本語がわかるようになります/うまくなります。

I don't know if this is accurately described as "potential" or whatever, but if it's 上手に he wants, this may be the one way to sneak it in... ??


Nihon ni ittara, nihongo ga jouzu ni wakaru/dekiru/hanaseru you ni naritai.

 

[Putrefaction]

窶愿ｺ窶怒窶堙可行窶堋ｯ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ、窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪ窶堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｩ窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷ/窶堋､窶堙懌?堋ｭ窶堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
窶｢ﾂｨ窶ｰﾂｿ窶堋ｪﾋ??窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ、窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙?窶堙啓U]窶堋ｪ[/U]窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
窶｢ﾃ卩津ｬﾅｽm窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ、窶堋ｨ窶ｹﾃ?窶堋ｪ窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷ/窶堋ｨ窶ｹﾃ?ﾅｽﾂ昶?堋ｿ窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
(The potential form of 窶堋?窶堙ｩ can be used only as 窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋ｦ窶堙ｩ/窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋､窶堙ｩ; "the pre-masu form of 窶堋?窶堙ｩ + the auxiliary verb 窶堋ｦ窶堙ｩ/窶堋､窶堙ｩ", not 窶堋?窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ. Plus, you can't use 窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋ｦ窶堙ｩ/窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋､窶堙ｩ in this context.;-))

EDIT:
To think of 窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋ｦ窶堙ｩ/窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堋､窶堙ｩ, it expresses "probability." 窶堋?窶堙ｩ doesn't have potential form.

I haven't come across the underline yet. What does it mean? I also wanted to see if

窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰﾋ彙窶堋ｷ窶堙娯?堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。could work.

Also, I thought it could be either 窶堙ｰ or 窶堋ｪ am I mistaken?
Could be, to think of it I never seen aru in a potential form.

ﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙閏/QUOTE]
Isn't that the right form for a -na adjective?

Thanks again guys!

Oh boy.

 

[Toritoribe]

I haven't come across the underline yet. What does it mean?

窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｩ is an idiom to mean "to become a state."

窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪ窶堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｩ窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｩ:
to become to understand Japanese/will understand Japanese

I also wanted to see if

窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰﾋ彙窶堋ｷ窶堙娯?堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。could work.

Yeah, that can work. You can also say 窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙?窶堋､窶堙懌?堋ｭﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩ窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷ.

Also, I thought it could be either 窶堙ｰ or 窶堋ｪ am I mistaken?

窶堙?窶堙娯?堙ｰ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙ｩ is acceptable. 窶堋ｪ can be used as an object marker of state verbs, potential forms, or tai-forms.

窶堋ｨ窶ｹﾃ?窶堋ｪ窶牌窶堙ｩ
窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩ
窶堋ｷ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｪﾂ食窶堙冷?堋ｽ窶堋｢

窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ is not a noun. You can't say 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋､. It's used adverbially (e.g. 窶怒窶堙ｰ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶敞停?堋､) or adjectivally with 窶堙 (e.g. 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙娯?怒窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋､).

Isn't that the right form for a -na adjective?

Yes. That's the adverbial form of ﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堋ｾ.

I don't know if this is accurately described as "potential" or whatever, but if it's ﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙 he wants, this may be the one way to sneak it in... ??


Nihon ni ittara, nihongo ga jouzu ni wakaru/dekiru/hanaseru you ni naritai.

窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙架彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩ is no problem. But 窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙俄?堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｩ doesn't make much sense. Also, 窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙可出窶藩??堙ｩ sounds a bit awkward to me.

 

[Elizabeth]

ようになる is an idiom to mean "to become a state."
日本語がわかるようになる:
to become to understand Japanese/will understand Japanese
Yeah, that can work. You can also say 日本語を上手に/うまく話せるようになります.
ものを買える is acceptable. が can be used as an object marker of state verbs, potential forms, or tai-forms.
お金が要る
日本語が話せる
すしが食べたい
たくさん is not a noun. You can't say たくさんを買う. It's used adverbially (e.g. 本をたくさん買う) or adjectivally with の (e.g. たくさんの本を買う).
Yes. That's the adverbial form of 上手だ.


日本語が上手に話せる is no problem. But 日本語が上手にわかる doesn't make much sense. Also, 日本語が上手に出来る sounds a bit awkward to me.

Hehe. You're right ! It was written in a furious hurry at work. Where "jouzu" unfortunately becomes like "yoku" ....

日本語を話すのが上手になります.

It is still difficult for me to understand how the subject can talk about themselves this way without sounding conceited (日本語を話すのが上手). But there apparently isn't as much of a difference in Japanese between になります and になりたい you see in English. :?

 

[Putrefaction]

窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｩ is an idiom to mean "to become a state."

窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堋ｪ窶堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｩ窶堙ｦ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｩ:
to become to understand Japanese/will understand Japanese

I see, I'll remember this.

窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ is not a noun. You can't say 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋､. It's used adverbially (e.g. 窶怒窶堙ｰ窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶敞停?堋､) or adjectivally with 窶堙 (e.g. 窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱ窶堙娯?怒窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋､).

So the mono in that was to signify an object that I bought a lot of, or objects that I bought a lot of. Got it, can't believe I'm forgetting these things!

I also had another small question.

ﾂ債｡ﾂ週ﾋ?ｪ窶敕納COLOR=Blue]窶愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ[/COLOR]窶怒: the book that was most frequently read in this week
When you use 窶愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ, you need to clarify who the subject is, as in ﾂ債｡ﾂ週窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾂ人窶堋ｪﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ窶怒.

What tense is this? I thought it was conditional or "can" but that'd be yomeru...

 

[undrentide]

ﾂ債｡ﾂ週ﾋ?ｪ窶敕納COLOR=Blue]窶愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ[/COLOR]窶怒: the book that was most frequently read in this week
When you use 窶愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ, you need to clarify who the subject is, as in ﾂ債｡ﾂ週窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾂ人窶堋ｪﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?愿??堙ｱ窶堋ｾ窶怒.

What tense is this? I thought it was conditional or "can" but that'd be yomeru...

ﾂ（窶堙ｧﾂ）窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ is passive.
窶愿??堙 to read
窶愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堙ｩ to be read
窶愿??堙懌?堙ｪ窶堋ｽ was/were read

 

[Toritoribe]

It is still difficult for me to understand how the subject can talk about themselves this way without sounding conceited (窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰﾋ彙窶堋ｷ窶堙娯?堋ｪﾂ湘｣ﾅｽﾃｨ). But there apparently isn't as much of a difference in Japanese between 窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｷ and 窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堋ｽ窶堋｢ you see in English. :?

Ah, I see your point. I interpreted that it's not about the speakers themselves but a common fact; "you'll be good at speaking Japanese, if/when you can go to Japan." Of course, it's possible to express the speaker's will as same as 窶堙遺?堙ｩ窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ窶堙??堋ｷ; "I'm going to~."

 

[Putrefaction]

（ら）れる is passive.
読む to read
読まれる to be read
読まれた was/were read

Hm, I think that's in the next lesson. Thanks for the heads up.


I was wondering if you or Tori could check this over? I forgot a lot of verbs so I hope most of it is correct.

皿を洗わなくてもいいだから、。母は洗ってくれます。(Forgot how to say host mother, can I just use okaasan?)
ホテルは込まないので、予約しなくてもいいです。
食べ物を持ってこなくてもいいです。
今日おごります。払わなくてもいいです。(I had to look up the rules for this, I didn't want to put anata ni tabemono o before ogoru)
宿題がないから、今晩は勉強しなくちゃいけなくてもいいです。

The blue text, is that the proper usage of the words? I know that ii is an adjective and may not use da before kara, and I wanted to make sure it was konakute.

1. Do you think it's better to bring my umbrella today?
I heard it was not going to rain. かさを持って行かなくてもいいです。
2. You think it's better that I wear a tie at the party tonight?
No, ネクタイをしなくてもいいです。
3. Thanks for letting me borrow tour notebook. Should I return it tomorrow?
No, 週末まで返しなくてもいいです。

 

[undrentide]

1. I do not have to do the dishes at my hosue. My host mother does it for us.
皿を洗わなくてもいいだから、。母は洗ってくれます。(Forgot how to say host mother, can I just use okaasan?)

Host mother (in case of home-stay) is usually called ホスト・マザー.
You cannot use だ here. Also から is to be added to the reason, not the result (or statement).
家では皿を洗わなくていいです。ホストマザーが洗ってくれますから。

2. Since that hotel is not crowded, we do not hneed to make a reservation.
ホテルは込まないので、予約しなくてもいいです。

ホテルは込まないので、予約しなくていいです。

3. You need not bring food to the party.
食べ物を持ってこなくてもいいです。

パーティーに食べ物を持ってこなくていいです。

4. I will treat you today. You do not have to pay.
今日おごります。払わなくてもいいです。(I had to look up the rules for this, I didn't want to put anata ni tabemono o before ogoru)

今日はおごるので、払わなくていいです。

5. Because there is no homework, I do not have to study tonight.
宿題がないから、今晩は勉強しなくちゃいけなくてもいいです。

I think ので would fit better than から.
勉強がないので、今夜は勉強しなくてもいいです。
しなくちゃいけなくてもいい does not make sense.
Maybe you're confused about しなくちゃいけない (must do) and しなくてもいい? ;-)

I would knowck off も from てもいいです。
～ていい。 (do not have to)
～てもいい。(you can do it if you like but you do not have to)
But ても is not an error. Maybe it is a question of personal preference or taste.

 

[Putrefaction]

Ooh, excellent. I'll review these at school. I just wanted to address one point and then edit later:

I would knowck off も from てもいいです。
～ていい。 (do not have to)
～てもいい。(you can do it if you like but you do not have to)
But ても is not an error. Maybe it is a question of personal preference or taste.

Hmm, my book says to use -te mo ii, you reckon it'd sound more realistic as just -te ii? How about the regular version, such as tabete mo ii desu ka -> tabete ii desu ka?

 

[Toritoribe]

1. Do you think it's better to bring my umbrella today?
I heard it was not going to rain. かさを持って行かなくてもいいです。
2. You think it's better that I wear a tie at the party tonight?
No, ネクタイをしなくてもいいです。
3. Thanks for letting me borrow tour notebook. Should I return it tomorrow?
No, 週末まで返しなくてもいいです。

今日は雨が降らないそうです。だから/ですから持って行かなくてもいいと思います。(You don't need to repeat かさを.)
今日は雨が降らないそうだよ。だから持って行かなくてもいいと思うよ。(colloquial)

いいえ、しなくてもいいと思います。
ううん、しなくてもいいと思うよ。(colloquial)

いいえ、来週まで返さなくてもいいです。
ううん、来週まで返さなくてもいいよ。(colloquial)

Hmm, my book says to use -te mo ii, you reckon it'd sound more realistic as just -te ii? How about the regular version, such as tabete mo ii desu ka -> tabete ii desu ka?

Hmmm, 食べてもいいですか sounds more colloquial to me. But the difference is so subtle, as undrentide-san mentioned.

 

[Elizabeth]

Ooh, excellent. I'll review these at school. I just wanted to address one point and then edit later:



Hmm, my book says to use -te mo ii, you reckon it'd sound more realistic as just -te ii? How about the regular version, such as tabete mo ii desu ka -> tabete ii desu ka?

So, to seek permission, a more polite form is used, such as the 窶堙??堙?窶堋｢窶堋｢ te mo ii or more casual 窶堙??堋｢窶堋｢ "te ii"" usage of the 窶堙 te form, resulting in something literally more like "Is eating this apple OK?" ﾂ「窶堋ｱ窶堙娯?堙ｨ窶堙ｱ窶堋ｲ窶堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙??堙?窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堙??堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？ﾂ」 Kono ringo o tabete mo ii desu ka? or ﾂ「窶堋ｱ窶堙娯?堙ｨ窶堙ｱ窶堋ｲ窶堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙??堋｢窶堋｢ﾂ？ﾂ」 Kono ringo o tabete ii?.

Japanese verb conjugation - Wikipedia

 

[Putrefaction]

Well since there are new posts, no point in editing.

You cannot use だ here. Also から is to be added to the reason, not the result (or statement).
家では皿を洗わなくていいです。ホストマザーが洗ってくれますから。

Ah, I see, this works when I put it in my head.

think ので would fit better than から.
今夜は勉強しなくてもいいです。
しなくちゃいけなくてもいい does not make sense.
Maybe you're confused about しなくちゃいけない (must do) and しなくてもいい?

I think I was, that's definitely what I meant to say. Hmmm.


Also Toritoribe, just to quickly clarify, colloquial means what is casually said between two people that know each other, right? I was told a few pages back to stick to polite forms for now, so I was doing that.

Elizabeth, thanks for the link again, I lost it! It says what Tori and Undrentide have been saying too.

Left rep for you all, by the way.


Here's another one, "looks like".



田中さんは私の母みたいです。
田中さんは風邪をひいているみたいです。
田中さんは来年卒業するみたいです。
田中さんは今朝歯をみがかなかったみたいです。
田中さんは朝寝坊して、電車に降り遅れたみたいです。

This one should just plain make you laugh.
男の人です。
本当に？女の人みたいですよ。

バットマンみたいです。

And one more, I think I got the hang of it.

この人は学生みたいです。
この人は結婚していないみたいです。
今日は休みみたいです。
今、雨が降っていないみたいです。
この人はテニスをするみたいです。
たばこを吸うみたいです。
全然掃除をしないみたいです。
料理ができるみたいです。
ギータを弾けるみたいです。
今、テレビで歌を歌っている女の人を見ているみたいです。

Not 100% sure about the last one.

 

[Toritoribe]

Also Toritoribe, just to quickly clarify, colloquial means what is casually said between two people that know each other, right?

Right.

I was told a few pages back to stick to polite forms for now, so I was doing that. [

Yeah, I know that. But, as you can see, the way of both asking and answering are casual in the example sentences.

いいと思う？ <--> いいと思いますか？
降らないそうだよ。 <--> 降らないそうですよ。

いいと思う？ <--> いいと思いますか？
ううん、 <--> いいえ、

貸してくれてありがとう。 <--> 貸してくれて/貸してくださってありがとうございます。
返そうか？ <--> 返しましょうか？
ううん、 <--> いいえ、

Thus, the writer of the questions would intend to make practice casual conversations, I suppose. Plus, for instance, 今日は雨が降らないそうだよ。だから持って行かなくてもいいです。 sounds a bit odd. So I wrote both forms.;-)

 

[Putrefaction]

I certainly do thank you for taking the time and effort to write out both ways. I guess I will have to rely on context to see which one to use!

降らないそうだよ

I'm going to re-read the "looks like" vs "I hear..." because I always mix them up.