Use of Japanese word

[ericlai1188]

Dear SIR/MADAM:

私は エッリ です

hello, I have some confuse to use the Japanese as following:

が で に は へ

Could you help me to get more details to use about the above word.

From book or other website or other....

Thanks and Regards

どうも ありがどうございます！

ヱッリ

 

[Ewok85]

I dont think its a word as such, they are particles. They are used in japanese as a main part of grammar. Putting them after or before something defines what the words are, ie subject verb object etc.

Quickly;
---ga subject
---de at/with (place de - at 'place', hashi de - by using chopsticks)
---ni at/to (1ji ni - at 1 oclock, place ni - to 'place', boku ni - to me)
---(ha)wa main subject
---(h)e at

some other useful ones are
no - possesive marker, like 'watashi no' means mine. 'anata no' yours etc
(w)o - subject that an action is done to, like to eat pizza would be pizza wo taberu

 

[PaulTB]

Originally posted by Ewok85
I dont think its a word as such, they are particles. They are used in japanese as a main part of grammar. Putting them after or before something defines what the words are, ie subject verb object etc.

Quickly;

Yeah 'quickly' is the reason I didn't reply.
If you want to go into any detail it's pretty difficult to explain.

---(ha)wa main subject

This one's had it's coverage improved recently at

JG|ha
JG|ha-2

---ga subject
---de at/with (place de - at 'place', hashi de - by using chopsticks)
---ni at/to (1ji ni - at 1 oclock, place ni - to 'place', boku ni - to me)
---(h)e at

I'd say 'he (e)' is more of a 'towards' than an 'at'.
Generally when you can use either 'he' or 'ni' in a sentence there will be no difference in meaning between the two.


JGram has other particles listed included as well, but those entries aren't as detailed yet.

JG|ga [subject]
JG|ga-2 [but]
JG|de [at]
JG|da [copula, connective form is also 'de']
JG|ni [location, time, direction marker]
JG|ni-2 [indirect object marker]
JG|he [towards]

 

[Elizabeth]

Originally posted by ericlai1188
From book or other website or other....

Thanks and Regards

Sorry for so much English, Ericlai1188, but here's a pretty good summary page that should be able to get you started.

Guide to Japanese Grammar

You can also find any number of good explanations on this site, such as this one, by searching under the word "particles."

Ajectives and particles question! | Japan Forum

 

[ericlai1188]

Dear all:

Thanks for your help.

Ewok85, PaulTB, and Elizabeth.

Yours reply is very important to me, the particles is quite important in Japanese (In my mind).

Thanks a lot!

Best Regards

ericlai1188

 

[Buntaro]

Hi ericlai1188!

This may be of help:


kawa ni oyogu = swim into a river (e.g., from the ocean)

kawa e oyogu = swim towards a river (not exactly entering it)

kawa de oyogu = swim around in a river

kawa o oyogu = swim the entire length of a river