2. The ~やしない ending is a more emphatic form of the negative, indicating one's conviction that <verb> ain't gonna happen. Not no way, not no how. さ is a sort of emphatic sentence ending.
3. The ちゃ is a combination ellision/contraction and if it were all there it would be いては. the て and the は combine into ちゃ and the い of いて gets dropped. The と has the same function as the と in such phrases as と言う.
I'm guessing you must be learning on your own, elsewise you certainly would have encountered it before you encountered things like nouns modified by verbs (鍵をかけた部屋).
I recommend "A Dictionary of Basic Japanese Grammar" if you can find it. It's a hard title to come by.
If you want a place where you can buy the book Mike suggested, try here. It's a bit more expensive than places like Amazon and from the Japan Times website, but you won't have to endure a long wait for it either.
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