ありません

[Maybo]

1. じゃありません
2. ではありません

I'm learning the above phrases. I'd like to know if the underlined parts are particles?
I sometimes hear ありません. When could we use ありません alone?

 

[mdchachi]

1. じゃありません
2. ではありません

I'm learning the above phrases. I'd like to know if the underlined parts are particles?
I sometimes hear ありません. When could we use ありません alone?

Did you try asking your teacher?

 

[Maybo]

Did you try asking your teacher?

No. I'll have lesson next week.

 

[Buntaro]

Okane ja nai desu = This isn't money

Okane wa nai desu = I don't have any money

Yes, we can say "arimasen" all by itself. For example, it's common to say "Ikimasu." to mean "I will go."

 

[Maybo]

Okane ja nai desu = This isn't money

Okane wa nai desu = I don't have any money

Yes, we can say "arimasen" all by itself. For example, it's common to say "Ikimasu." to mean "I will go."

So, ありません just means no?

 

[Buntaro]

No, it means "do not have" or "does not exist." The word for no is "iie"

 

[Toritoribe]

I'd like to know if the underlined parts are particles?

では is a collocation of で and は. で is the ren'yōkei(連用形)/-masu stem of the copula だ. Note that there is a case particle で (e.g. 電車で行きます), but this で is not a particle.

は is indeed a particle, but a kakari-joshi(係助詞)/binding particle, not a case particle like が, を, に or の.

じゃ is the contraction of では.

When could we use ありません alone?

じゃありません/ではありません is a variation of でありません, and でありません is the polite negative form of である. Thus, じゃありません/ではありません is a polite negative form of だ.
On the other hand, ありません is the negative form of あります, and あります is the polite form of the verb ある. The negative form of ある is ない, thus, ありません is a polite form of ない.

examples
彼は先生だ。
negative: 彼は先生で（は）ない/じゃない。
polite: 彼は先生です。
polite negative: 彼は先生ではありません/じゃありません。

机の上に本がある。
negative: 机の上に本がない。
polite: 机の上に本があります。
polite negative: 机の上に本がありません。

 

[mdchachi]

Okane ja nai desu = This isn't money

Okane wa nai desu = I don't have any money

Yes, we can say "arimasen" all by itself. For example, it's common to say "Ikimasu." to mean "I will go."

None of your examples contain "arimasen"
Are you trying to confuse them on purpose?

 

[Buntaro]

Maybo,

I want to add one more example.

Okane ja nai desu. = This isn't money.

Okane wa nai desu. = I don't have any money

Okane ga nai desu. = I don't have any money.

 

[Maybo]

Maybo,

I want to add one more example.

Okane ja nai desu. = This isn't money.

Okane wa nai desu. = I don't have any money

Okane ga nai desu. = I don't have any money.

Actually, I haven't learned ない . I'm an almost absolute beginner. According to Toritoribe's post, I assume your examples of ない can be placed by ありません?

 

[mdchachi]

Actually, I haven't learned ない . I'm an almost absolute beginner. According to Toritoribe's post, I assume your examples of ない can be placed by ありません?

I don't know why he's doing that to you. He should know better.
In his examples nai desu=arimasen.