Maybe someone here has heard of the Fermi Paradox. An unusual reply to that is that the populations/civilizations that survive will not be going hog wild with development. The ones that don't go nuts with development are the ones that will survive, the ones that find their own homeostasis.
Earth has backed off a little from one tipping point (nuclear war/annihilation), at least temporarily. Of course there's climate change, and some other problems.
It's like a firework. Does a species rocket up and burn out, never to be seen again? Or is that species a candle, that can burn for a long time? A personal opinion, but Musk is the firework type.
I think Japan is very survivable. The Jomon, from the time of the end of the ice age (somewhat like the pacific northwest) found a place that was suitable to harvesting the ocean with maybe a little agriculture on the side. Geographically, I like Japan's odds.
I agree that Japan could be a good candidate for a mindfully developed agrarian society in the event of a societal pullback or technological regression, as long as climate change doesn't make agriculture or fishing too difficult (which is the biggest question mark for me... Just how bad will it get?). When the goal is to develop beyond that, the island's comparative lack of mineral resources would be a hurdle to overcome, and given the chance, history will repeat itself.
Isn't the Fermi paradox about why we haven't yet heard from extraterrestrial civilizations? I suppose it's possible for there to be a plurality of worlds whose cultures are advanced but inward-focused, able but uninterested in developing the technologies that would allow them to contact or explore the universe beyond their own cosmic neighborhood.
One of the beautiful fallacies of humanity is our endless capacity for self-absorption, so when we imagine extraterrestrial civilizations, more often than not we picture carbon-based humanoids who have developed along a similar timeline to our own. The recent revelation that the 8 chemical constituents of DNA have all been found in space makes it seem plausible that we ourselves may have an extra terrestrial origin of sorts, and similar conditions elsewhere may have brought rise to similar outcomes.
But damn do we lack imagination... Even the most fantastical worlds we imagine like Avatar's Pandora is basically run by a bunch of tribal native bipeds... "They're just like us, but 'primitive' and tall and blue!" (yeah yeah, it's a movie rehashing Fern Gully tropes, and we can't sympathize with aliens if they aren't basically exotic humanoids).
I feel the odds are better that extraterrestrial intelligence is unrecognizable or unintelligible to us even if we do stumble across them, having developed in unique siloes. Maybe there's silicon-based or fungal intelligence, complex organisms that don't operate as a collective of self-interested individuals... Or maybe it's that civilizations rise and fall in their own time, and over the distance of space our attempts to contact each other are merely radio signals passing in the night. Perhaps the distances are so great, that contact will constitute an archaeological study of a long-dead species on the other side of the Galaxy (or beyond). Maybe it'll be our signals being analyzed, long after we're gone. Maybe all traces of humanity will disappear before there's anyone capable of tuning in.
Which, speaking of self-absorption, brings me back to Musk... because in a way, the very systems that made his rise possible are the same systems responsible for our over-development vis a vis industrialization and resource exploitation. Capitalism is a game that is easy to win when you're born on third base, but the privileged lack the curiosity and empathy necessary to understand how diverse the human experience really is, and mistake their apparent success as evidence of their importance. Regardless of what good he has done (an arguable mess of dictating goals to engineers), he's clearly no more evolved than the rest of us, and though his wealth
could be used to solve big problems, I have no expectation that he's capable of actually solving any big problems through his own volition, even if he were interested in doing something like addressing world hunger... the only thing he seems interested in is squandering it on vanity projects, or consolidating more resources for himself through subsidized enterprise.