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Let's Talk about Akiya: Japan's Empty Houses

nice gaijin

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Has anyone else been thinking about Akiya? This topic has been simmering on my mind for some years now.

空き家, Akiya, means vacant home, and describes a growing number of properties throughout Japan that are empty or abandoned for a variety of reasons. Most commonly, the younger people have moved to the cities and when grandma and grandpa pass away, the old family home out in the inaka goes empty and begins to fall into disrepair. No one wants to live there anymore, and it's too expensive and a pain to deal with everything left behind, so it has simply gone untouched for years.

I first learned about Akiya while visiting a friend in Tohoku some years after the big 3-11 earthquake, and discovered that there were properties in Japan that seemed incredibly affordable, although the cost of renovating or rebuilding could offset those seemingly low price tags. A friend of a friend bought a house in Matsuhsima practically on the water for what seemed to be a very low price. Coming from the insane real estate bubble of California, owning land is a bit of a pipe dream, but I loved the idea of having a landing pad in Japan to stage my periodic explorations of the country, and hopefully provide a nice place to spend more of my retirement someday.

And now the market has only grown, showing the shifting demographics of Japan as more and more people are concentrating in cities and abandoning the countryside. Now, 9 million homes--nearly 14% of all homes in Japan--stand vacant.

There are some resources in Japanese for Akiyas throughout the country, like

Things have come to the point that the houses that can't or won't sell to domestic buyers are finding interest amongst foreigners with their own dreams of life in Japan. Short videos of foreigners showing off their renovated houses are gaining popularity. Instagram and Facebook accounts like @japanhomequest, @cheaphousesjapan, and @shumatsuopost have racked up hundreds of thousands of followers, showing house listings throughout Japan in a wide range of conditions, providing what I call the newest form of "millennial porn;" real estate listings, except these can sometimes have eye-popping low price tags that make home ownership seem tantalizingly within reach.

Even some entrepreneurs are out there building their own listing platforms to showcase these listings:

Unfortunately, the more I think about it and the more I talk to my friends, the less of an actual good idea it seems to take on the responsibility for one of these properties. I don't live in Japan and don't have the time and money to fully renovate an abandoned house, and some of these houses have unique challenges that make them difficult or impossible to work on. Furthermore, a lot of these houses are hard to access because Japanese infrastructure and transportation services don't reach into the countryside where the cheaper houses are (and if anything, infrastructure may shrink away from these areas rather than expand into them).

Since I could only occupy the house myself for a short while each year, I would want it to go to some use while I'm away, both to help pay for the property taxes and upkeep, and not contribute to the problem of unoccupied buildings in these communities. But no one wants to stay in a place that's at least a 40 minute drive from the nearest train station, and is it really helping a community thrive to parade a train of guests through your house on airbnb or whatever?. Ultimately, I would love to get something in a thriving community that gives me convenient access to public transportation and at least some of my friends somewhere Japan, where I can one day live a simple and austere lifestyle and do something to contribute my adoptive community, but Akiyas seem like a risky gamble to grasp at that dream.

But still, a man can dream...
 
If you are looking in rural areas you can get a house in a town within a km or so from a station for around 100k US dollars equivalent or so. akayamart keeps wanting me to pay so I have a hard time browsing a town I know drilling down. Mind you this town is a 40 minute drive (or train ride) to a city. Of course you can pay 200k US dollars and need less renovation. Going like 25 minutes away from that by car (no rail) the kinds of places you were talking about are only 10k-13k US dollars so huge difference but you need a car and afraid of the repairs needed. I agree Akiya are a risky gamble some have problems you may not even realize at first. If you live there in the simple and austere lifestyle you'll have the time to fix it though. If it interests you why not dream? We are moving back. Yea smaller house, more rural. Taxes become complicated and are higher with our retirement funds (IRAs 401ks etc) social security and pensions are taxed low (you can take them in Japan). Many other things are much cheaper. Health care is cheaper though no medicare. We eat mostly a Japanese diet so our food bill goes way down. If you are around family and friends it may be nice, depends on your wife's feelings. As you know in my case I was um told we are moving back when I am 60 lol but really I am looking forward to it. Looking at it from my wife's point of view she gets a larger support network too moving back and I may even be able to leverage it I believe most of her extended family all knows me maybe you can get similar?
 
Unfortunately, the more I think about it and the more I talk to my friends, the less of an actual good idea it seems to take on the responsibility for one of these properties. I don't live in Japan and don't have the time and money to fully renovate an abandoned house, and some of these houses have unique challenges that make them difficult or impossible to work on. Furthermore, a lot of these houses are hard to access because Japanese infrastructure and transportation services don't reach into the countryside where the cheaper houses are (and if anything, infrastructure may shrink away from these areas rather than expand into them).

I think you've hit the nail squarely on the head. The picturesque but remote locations will remain in decline until/unless Japan comes up with some amazing plan to revitalize and repopulate the countryside. And I would hate the thought of having to fly 10-12 hours to Japan, land, and then get my luggage on a train or two for another couple of hours to reach my remote destination, where I would have to get a taxi to my "picturesque but remote" house. And then once I arrived, I might have to chase out bugs or the small critters that like to take up space in vacant homes. Or, find out that the shower or the toilet don't work for some reason. And because its remote, you can't just go down to Tokyu Hands or Joyful Honda to pick up a spare part.. you have to make another long trip to get what you need. Or deal with a workman in the next town over who may or may not be able to come out quickly. Just too much that needs constant attention in a climate that alternates between super humid, super rainy, super cold, and super earthquakey. If you live there, or if the house is mostly occupied, its different because someone is around to keep the place well-maintained. But a vacant house in the countryside needs a lot of attention.

A place that is in a semi-rural area, or suburban area might be a different story. Someplace that is, say, within an hour of an international airport by car/bus/taxi. As lovely as Matsushima is, I think getting there would become too much of a hassle. If I'm flying to Japan from California, I think my only options for direct flights are Kansai and Narita/Haneda, so my options would be limited to an hour radius from those locations, give or take 30 minutes for someplace that's really spectacular or convenient. But financially it would be an extravagance. Buying a $50,000 house in Japan as a retreat would be a cash drain.

If you are moving back (for good) like @salyavin you have a lot of options. (Well, that is if your partner has some flexibility). Mrs. Majestic has adjusted well to life in the US, and when she sees news of earthquakes and typhoons and heat waves in Japan, she has zero desire to move back. Still, its fun to think about where we would move if we ever did decide to move back.
 
Your description of a mostly vacant vacation home in nowhere is spot on. It is absolutely a cash drain. I often wonder how those who get purchased by foreigners who do not live there turn out. Tokyo Llama gives you an idea of renovation of one he is going to live in (he lives in Japan), there is another European man in Japan who buys some and reforms them as well but I forgot his name right now. I caught his vid where the abandoned house next to his he had purchased burned down and burned his house he had started reforming as well. The European also lives in Japan.
 
Coming from the insane real estate bubble of California, owning land is a bit of a pipe dream,
Come to Michigan where land prices are relatively sane and -- if you have any descendants -- can set them up for generational success. Michigan should do well in climate changes and all the fresh water should serve them well as Arizona, Nevada and California battle it out for what last dribbles they can get from the Colorado River.

We briefly thought about getting a condo in Tokyo when AirBnb became a thing but the backlash put a kibosh on that idea. Surprisingly my wife currently doesn't have much interest in the idea of buying Japanese real estate. We can stay at her family home whenever we want and -- being a Tokyo shitamachi girl -- if it's not in Tokyo she's not very interested. To her, Tokorozawa is the boonies. Although she would probably accept Kanagawa given its proximity to the airport, Yokohama and Tokyo.
 
No worries about rising sea levels, typhoons, earthquakes, or volcanoes in Michigan and as you said plenty of fresh water. I agree with everything you said about Michigan. Michigan is safer than Japan. Property prices are crazy here in Colorado they have boomed like crazy which makes it very hard for new people to buy anything at all. Another problem in much of the US is companies buying up many properties to rent them out for a profit, maybe that has not hit Michigan yet. The main operations we delt with were in Kyushu so I married a Kyushu girl, my wife does not like Tokyo but does like Fukuoka (where we used to date). Her father was a pilot (captain) for Oriental Air Bridge so we got to island hop and her jikka is near an airport. Even after all these years my wife hates what she finds in stores in the US and prefers what is in Japanese stores, restaurants are expensive and the food is not good (I had another Japanese locally tell me that as well she makes it all at home but she comes to our Japan America bonenkai at a restaurant). She finds Americans tiresome and loud. She wants to go home, of course her father's death put that into more focus I believe. Interesting how different Japanese feel differently.
 
I thought you were still in California. We visited Colorado in February and my wife really liked it. And we've been to Glenwood Spring years ago.
I think of all the places we've seen in the U.S. she'd be open to moving to Colorado. I imagine she'll be more interested in moving back to Japan in old age. But there are lot of variables. For now she's content with abandoning us for a month while she goes to Japan every year. The practice started when her Dad died. Now it's just an excuse/habit. :LOL:
 
Oh no I am in CO. My old company still has dealings with Hitachi and people from Hitachi are always there staying like 2 years in rotation but we are nothing like we were in the 90s. 90s were a different time. I sometimes work from Japan on a tourist visa I did 3 months last year just short of the full tourist visa (sssshhhh). Houses here cost a lot but if I cash out it makes a nice investment seed for more retirement money in Japan. My wife is 9 years younger than me so she won't even be old age yet when she wants to go, she would be 51. She has enough for the Japanese kokuminninkin just barely and greatly reduced (10 years) as well as social security spouse or survival benefit. She is thinking of working more to also incrase that benefit. Not sure how social security will look like when time for us to take it if reduced or what. Interesting your wife goes by herself mine wants everyone to go, I think it strengthens the family connections but we are more rural.
 
JT had an interesting feature on the akiya boom that might burst the wet dreams of overseas millennials who dream of an idyllic life in the Japanese countryside or, at least, put their dreams in perspective.

"A lot of people hear 'free houses' or 'cheap houses,' and they think it's going to be this candyland — $10,000 and get your dream home — but it's not that crazy," said Parker J. Allen, co-founder of Akiya & Inaka, an akiya-focused consultancy. Depopulating Japan has about 10 million houses that are abandoned or vacant for so long they are considered unrentable or unsellable. Japanese buyers have historically placed little value on older properties, with market prices roughly tracking the depreciation schedule, which is a relatively short 22 years for wooden structures. After a point, the asset is considered to be near worthless, eventually regarded as a liability due to the cost of removal. Distance from a train station is also a hard determinant in the market. Land values drop precipitously proportional to the time it takes to walk to the nearest stop in what is known as the railway-line effect. A fixer-upper in the inaka, the Japanese word for boondocks, has never been a big get for the average Japanese homebuyer. This started to change slightly with the pandemic. The value of a rural bolt-hole was better understood as the world seemed to become more dangerous and unpredictable, and domestic demand for remote properties picked up a bit.

And:

Renovations are usually the most expensive part of the journey to having an akiya that can be called a home. The laundry list of what needs to be done is long and tends to get longer as the process drags on. It begins with termite treatment and retrofitting to make the structure earthquake-resistant. Flooring, wallpaper and drywall often must be replaced, while roofs and exterior walls need to be repaired and tatami mats changed. Bathrooms and kitchens are normally updated or completely redone, and expensive replumbing and rewiring are sometimes required. New insulation and new windows are possibilities to consider, as are asbestos abatement and foundation repairs. Mold can be a concern. According to a 2021 post on realestate.co.jp, roof repairs can cost as much as ¥3.5 million, as can external wall repairs. Thatching a roof can cost multiple times that figure, and it might be hard to find people who can even do that work anymore.


 
Those prices won't scare off people from certain places. People are paying almost a million dollars for modest houses in relatively lower cost areas near LA for example.
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I would like one. I will be traveling to Tokyo this year and will do some looking mostly interested in rural with access to train to Tokyo.

I seen some nice cabin style homes near Nagano Prefecture or Gunma Prefecture.
 
Prices in southern Maine pretty much start at a half million and up if you can find one for sale. My tiny 850 SQ foot house would go for close to a half million now. It blows my mind that you now take a 50 year mortgage to get a house.
 
My house is near the entrance to the interstate and the ocean. The twin to mine next door just went for about $400,000 and it has no garage. Trouble is , if you sell , there's no where in the cities for sale now. Every time a city talks about building new housing , everyone is up in arms about "not in my back yard". Maine still has tons of forest land up north and I see a lot of clear cutting in the long term future.
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