To have its continental shelf recognized beyond its exclusive economic zone, Japan needed the approval of an institution established under the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea on the continuity of the seabed topography and agreements from relevant countries. Under former PM Abe, in 2014, the Japanese government hammered out a policy to expand the nation's continental shelf. Under the U.N. law, a coastal state can claim control of the seabed beyond the traditional 200 nautical mile limit for its exclusive economic use if it can prove the ocean floor is connected to its continental shelf.