Oh man, how did I not notice this topic before. I'm in heaven.
I wish I didn't come into this topic so late.
In many ways yes. But most importantly I'd like to say that terms like eastern and western are quite blurry and hard to define to begin with. To an Odalist, Abrahamic religion is most certainly not Western religion, even though it is generally viewed as such.
I also agree with the OP about religion. The Phillipes is more Christian than most "Western" countries.
To me, Eastern religion is real Western religion since alot of our pre-Christian religious ideas came from India, a Asian country.
Japan is a first world, industrialized country. A Capitalists democracy, which is a big part of something being considered "Western". Just like OP says.
Here's another signifier, language. European countries speak European languages, Indo-European languages. Japanese is not a Indo-European language. However there are a few languages spoken in Europe that are not Indo-European. Uralic languages are not, and Finland and Hungary are definitely European countries. And last time I checked wikipedia Turkic was considered European. Japan is quite possibly an Altaic(Turkic) language if not a isolate, so that would make Japanese a European language.
To me the terms Eastern and Western are outdated, meaningless concepts. Not only are the terms too flexible, but the East means East of Europe, which makes Europe seem too important. To travel from the US to Japan I travel West, so Japan is more West than I.
The similarites between I an American and Japan is a good thing, that means less wall between us.
Eastern and Western may be invalid terms, but if I were to choose one to describe Japan, it would be Western.