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The first sentence is fine, but the second sentence is not correct. The way you have it would mean 'The post office's express delivery went the putting out' (to the extent that you can translate an ungrammatical sentence into an ungrammatical sentence).
The post office is where the action takes place.
出す still behaves the same even though it's in stem form and continues into another grammar. It's a transitive verb.
There's a common grammar used to link a verb in stem form to verb of motion (usually いく) to indicate going somewhere for the purpose of doing something.
Have you learned the structure "to go somewhere to do something "? This is the key, as Chris-san explained. ゆうびんきょく is the location where you go, and そくたつ is the object of 出す. You must know the particles for these purpose.
はたらく is intransitive so doesn't work here, just like "I don't want to work anything" sounds weird in English. Try する or やる.
おなか が いっぱい is the opposite of おなか が すいた: to be full (after eating).
These look good.Would したくないですwork instead for the first sentence?
Thanks for the translation. 今おなかがいっぱいですから、何もたべたくないです。Is this OK?
家内 (かない) is also a term for 'my wife', although perhaps it's becoming old-fashioned. It was always the right answer in my textbook, but that's a pretty old book now.It becomes つま(妻). I'm not sure for husband though, but according to this site, it can be either しゅじん or おっと.
Good to know. Thanks.
You also need to be aware that those in-group reference terms aren't used only for speaking of others. They also use them when speaking to outside people in reference to you. For example, you father would introduce himself to your friend, teacher, etc. as ラコタの父(ちち)です. My wife would introduce herself to you as マイケルの妻(つま)です。 The same applies for all relations which have a double set of terms for in-group and out-group.
Similarly, 奥さん doesn't always mean "your wife". It can also be used as a pronoun replacement and simply mean "you". So in a sentence like 奥さんはどのぐらい日本語を勉強しましたか without any other context it is actually impossible to state with any certainty whether the speaker is addressing a man and asking about the man's wife or if the speaker is asking the question directly to the woman. This phenomenon abounds in daily usage.