Help with grammar

[BrunuoH]

Hello! It's my first thread here, and I'd like to ask you guys some questions about japanese. Could anyone give me examples of how to use the following words: 先に (saki-ni), 始めに (Hajime-Ni) , 次 (tsugi) and 次に (Tsugi-ni), and also the constructions (Darou-to omou) and (You-to omou).

Thanks in advance ^^

 

[nice gaijin]

先に行ってください － please go before me

授業の始めに、宿題を提出することになっています。 － at the beginning of class, it's decided that we are to turn in our homework. There is another word with that pronunciation; 初め, with different uses.

次のテストは頑張ってください。 - please do your best on the next test.

there are many different uses for 次に, you should be a little more specific.

だろうと思う is like to assume something; 雨が降るだろうと思う - I assume it'll rain

I'm not sure what you mean by you-to omou; are you referring to the use of the volitional form (eg しようと思う)?

 

[BrunuoH]

yes, i'm refering about this form (volitional + omou)
and about tsugi... well i heard it mean "next" but i don't know how to use it at all

thank you for your reply^^

 

[nice gaijin]

The usage of volitional + to omou is to say that you've decided to do something; volitional + to omotteimasu means that you've been thinking about doing something. However, only the volitional forms for -るverbs end in "you"

some examples:
話そうと思う - I've decided to speak.
行こうと思う - I've decided to go.
食べようと思っています - I've been thinking about eating.
寝ようと思っています - I've been thinking about going to bed.

as for 次, if you are talking about the next (insert noun here), it'd be 次の+noun; it becomes an adjective, as in the next class, the next test, the next light etc.
次に requires a verb, like 次に東京に行きいます; it's more like "I will do something next"

 

[studyonline]

It seems too strong to say "I've decided to". It is better to put "I'm thinking of", instead.

と思う is as it says "thinking of". It does not require any determination for the action at all. The person who says this may do it or not. Sometimes in translating such a sentence or conversational dialogs, it may be ok to say "I've decided to" when you know the person actually decided to do so.
In any case, it's safer to say "thinking of".

 

[BrunuoH]

Hmmm thanks guys, it was very clarify. : )

 

[NANGI]

Konnichiwa BrunuoH-san!
Welcome and Hajimemashite. Please enjoy the forum!

NANGI

 

[BrunuoH]

Well, thank you guys for the welcome ^^, I have some more questions, if you don't mind.

1) What's does ひとつき mean? Is it the same as いっかげつ or いちげつ? or what?
2) What's the difference between うすい(薄い)[thin] and ほそい(細い)[thin]? When do I use each of them?
3) Difference between となり and そば?
4) Difference between ひくい(低い) [low / short] and みじかい(短い)[short]?
5) How(and when) to use properly the expressions （どうぞよろしく) and しつれいしました?

Thanks in advance.

 

[BrunuoH]

I may be abusing, but i'd like to know about these sentences too >>>>

ア：「こんな ところに かさが ありますね」
イ：「あっ、わたしのです。」

A: In this kind of place, there are umbrellas.
B: Ahh, it's mine.

It doesn't make much sense as a dialogue, am i missing something?

こんばん パーティーが あるかどうか おしえて ください。

"Tell my somehow or other if there will be a party at night." < Is it correct? What is the point of that "douka" ?

今日は 友達は 誰も 来ませんでした.

Why there are two "wa"'s ? I didn't understand this sentence at all. :/

「みなみ」と いつ 漢字の 書き方を おしえて ください。

What is that "itsu" doing there?

明日 じゅぎょうが あるか どうか 友達に 聞きました。

"I asked my friend if there will be classes tomorrow." << right? What is the point of that "douka" ?

この りょうりは きゅうにゅうと たまごで つくりました。

What does this sentence mean? :S

店や 銀行が できて にぎやかに なりました。

What does this sentence mean? What is that "dekite"? -te form or dekiru? :S

となりに 高いたてものが たって、私の 部屋は くらく なりました。

What does this sentence mean? :S

きのうの テストは よく できました。

What does "yoku dekimashita" mean? "I did well on yesterday's test." << or what?

私は となりの まちから ここまで ３時間も 歩いて 来ました。

Why is "mo" being used after "jikan" ? What does it mean?

びょうきに なった 時は、 びょういんへ 行きます。

"When i get sick, i go to hospital."、 "When i got sick i went to hospital." or what?

 

[kumo]

ブラジル人発見！

I'll try to help with what I know.

こんばん パーティーが あるかどうか おしえて ください。

かどうか gives the idea of "whether~or not", so it would be "Tell me whether there's a party (or not) tonight.

この りょうりは きゅうにゅうと たまごで つくりました。

What does this sentence mean? :S

I think you mistyped ぎゅうにゅう. It would be "this recipe is made of milk and eggs".

店や 銀行が できて にぎやかに なりました。

What does this sentence mean? What is that "dekite"? -te form or dekiru? :S

Yes, dekiru can also be used for building things. The te-form connects the 2 senteces, as you probably know.

となりに 高いたてものが たって、私の 部屋は くらく なりました。

What does this sentence mean? :S

They constructed a tall building next to my house and my room turned dark.

きのうの テストは よく できました。

What does "yoku dekimashita" mean? "I did well on yesterday's test"?

Yep.

びょうきに なった 時は、 びょういんへ 行きます。

"When i get sick, i go to hospital."、 "When i got sick i went to hospital." or what?

The first one. "I went" would be 行きました.