need some help plz

[foxerish]

I have some questions abot grammar and word in japanese...
please answer them...

-how do you say "need" or "must" in japanese? (like "I NEED it!!" or "sorry, but I MUST go..." or "I must go to the restroom" ETC.)

-what's the difference between "Ichi", "Ni", "San"... to "Hitotsu", "Futatsu", "Mitsu"...?
in "Hitotsu", "Futatsu", "Mitsu"... how do you count from 10? (15, 20, 48, 158,1000...)

oh... and by the way... where can I find some cool japanese fonts?

 

[Damicci]

Well there are different ways to express needs.
iru is one way to express need.

このざっしがいりませんか？ ＤＯ ｙｏｕ ｎｅｅｄ ｔｈｉｓ ｍａｇａｚｉｎｅ？
はい、いりません。 Ｉ ｄｏ ｎｏｔ ｎｅｅｄ ｉｔ．

hitsuyou ひつよう is another way but this expresses necessity
３にんがひつようです。 3 people are needed

How to say: Must [verb]

1. Negative te-form + 「は」 (wa) particle + だめ／いけない／ならない
2. Negative verb + 「と」 conditional + だめ／いけない／ならない
3. Negative verb + 「ば」 conditional + だめ／いけない／ならない

しごとにいくなくてはいけません。 I have/must to go to work.
しごとに行かないとだめです。 I have to go to work. lit. Not going to work is bad
しごとに行かなければいけません I have to go to work. It'll bad if I don't go to work.

or something like that.

 

[Toritoribe]

-what's the difference between "Ichi", "Ni", "San"... to "Hitotsu", "Futatsu", "Mitsu"...?
in "Hitotsu", "Futatsu", "Mitsu"... how do you count from 10? (15, 20, 48, 158,1000...)

"Hitotsu", "futatsu", "mittsu" are the traditional numerals used as a counter.
Japanese counter word - Wikipedia

Also, the traditonal numbers, "hi, fu, mi, yo,,," are used with some counters besides "tsu".
Japanese counter word - Wikipedia

Basically, traditional numbers over 10 are rarely ever used in Modern Japanese. The exceptions are some idiomatic usages like as "misoji; (age of) 30's", "yosoji; (age of) 40's", "yaoyorozu; 8 million".

 

[foxerish]

thanks for your help...
say... what's the different between WAKARIMASHITA and WAKATTE IRU?
and what is the ~nasai ending of verbs?

 

[GreenCat]

thanks for your help...
say... what's the different between WAKARIMASHITA and WAKATTE IRU?
and what is the ~nasai ending of verbs?

Subtle and I think I wrote rather verbose description for those in the past.
WAKARIMASHITA
understood(with polite speech)

WAKATTE IRU
understood with emphasis on the state of knowing etc(Present continuous form of wakaru)
Maybe used to show annoyance for people continuously reminding something.

I could write a short essay but it won't help you much for now.
It is one of the things better be left out till you finish primary grammar etc.

 

[Toritoribe]

what is the ~nasai ending of verbs?

"A pre-masu form of a verb + nasai" means a command.

To form a command when followed by
-なさい -nasai: これを食べなさい kore o tabenasai: "eat this", あそこへ行きなさい asoko e ikinasai: "go over there".

Japanese verb conjugation - Wikipedia

 

[foxerish]

Subtle and I think I wrote rather verbose description for those in the past.
WAKARIMASHITA
understood(with polite speech)
WAKATTE IRU
understood with emphasis on the state of knowing etc(Present continuous form of wakaru)
Maybe used to show annoyance for people continuously reminding something.
I could write a short essay but it won't help you much for now.
It is one of the things better be left out till you finish primary grammar etc.

so you mean that WAKATTE IRU can be used when, for example, somebody tells you something that you already know and you say "yeah, yeah... I know that!!" ?

so can I say "WAKATTE, WAKATTE..."?

 

[Damicci]

so you mean that WAKATTE IRU can be used when, for example, somebody tells you something that you already know and you say "yeah, yeah... I know that!!" ?

so can I say "WAKATTE, WAKATTE..."?

Response would be more like: 「はい、はい、わかってる」

 

[foxerish]

Response would be more like: 「はい、はい、わかってる」

ああ、わかりました。。。

"A pre-masu form of a verb + nasai" means a command.

so what's the difference between the ~nasai form (tabenasai) to tha ~te form (tabete)?

I also notices that sometimes in anime when they wanna say "go" "die" or somethin else to do they say iKKe instead of iTTe or shiNe instead of shiNDe...
what's the different?

 

[Toritoribe]

so what's the difference between the ~nasai form (tabenasai) to tha ~te form (tabete)?
I also notices that sometimes in anime when they wanna say "go" "die" or somethin else to do they say iKKe instead of iTTe or shiNe instead of shiNDe...
what's the different?

The imperative form is a strong command mainly used by male. (BTW, the imperative form of "iku" is not "ikke" but "ike." The character might say 行っけー！[ikke-!] for emphasis, though.)

～なさい sounds more gentle than the imperative form, and is often used from mother to child, from teacher to student, or like that.

The -te form at the sentence end is more likely a friendly request. (So "wakatte, wakatte" means "(please) understand me!")

But, the nuance depends on the context, of course.