How do you know... ON/KUN and beyond

[Putrefaction]

Okay, my head's swimming and I have work every day until Tuesday, but.

I understood what undrentide said in this post almost completely.

I have yet to read the second topic Elizabeth posted, and the first one was too complicated but I'll skim it over, hopefully it'll sink in.

Then, aardwolf asked:

その女の人は私から花をあげます does not work here again.
あげる means "to give", not "to get".

So I came up with:
1) kara signifies morau
2) so then it would be morau
3) because morau is to recieve

He then asked:

but how would you say
A gave X to B. (person talking is C)
or
B san recieved X from A. (person talking is C)

I read Tori's response,

Both あげる and もらう can be used also for the third person, as in the thread Elizabeth-san quoted. So the answer is,
彼は彼女に花を買ってあげた。
彼女は彼に花を買ってもらった。

Which stems off Kira's topic, which I haven't covered, so I'll have to do it again. But I thought the same thing in the first sentence, but I thought only morau could be used in the second sentence.

I just have to re-read everything. Thank you guys for posting responses!

面白い説明してくれてありがとうござします！

You know what's even more astounding, I understood that and I think I also have the hiragana down for that... omoshiroi setsumei shite kurete arigatou gosaimasu. (I'm only typing in romaji because I'm too lazy to get my phone.)

 

[Elizabeth]

Ahh hah that old topic~! hazukashii
It really depends on what you want to focus on in the sentence. The fact that you received something or that someone gave something to you. When you use which is well difficult to define I think. But because the subject is often dropped in Japanese eventually understanding the nuance difference between morau and kureru are important I think.
If a girl said to me "Mite mite! kyou hana wo kureta yo! ureshii!" (look look! I got flowers today! I'm so happy!) I immediately think it must have been someone close to her (and in most cases its her boyfriend).

Ahhhh...~~the ever deepening mysteries of "kureru" ! I still get a headache from this....Kureru can be a favor/positive benefit given to the speaker of course or between two third parties, the recipient of which is an associate of the speaker, but the above sentence does translate to (In Group someone ha/ga ) GAVE her (the indirect object) flowers today. Which means to be fully grammatical the giver has to either be explicitly named or understand from context to be that significant other, etc. It simply describes the situation from the side of that giver...

"Mite mite! kyou hana wo kureta yo! ureshii!" = (look ! look ! (He) gave me flowers today ! I'm so happy !)
"Mite mite! kyou hana wo moratta! ureshii!" (look look! I got flowers today! I'm so happy!)

Okay, my head's swimming and I have work every day until Tuesday, but.
I understood what undrentide said in this post almost completely.
I have yet to read the second topic Elizabeth posted, and the first one was too complicated but I'll skim it over, hopefully it'll sink in.
Then, aardwolf asked:
So I came up with:
1) kara signifies morau
2) so then it would be morau
3) because morau is to recieve

Morau can be marked with either particles に or から。And kureru can also be between 2 third parties.

Difference between ageru, kureru and morau...

 

[Toritoribe]

Ahhhh...~~the ever deepening mysteries of "kureru" ! I still get a headache from this....Kureru can be a favor/positive benefit given to the speaker of course or between two third parties, the recipient of which is an associate of the speaker, but the above sentence does translate to (In Group someone ha/ga ) GAVE her (the indirect object) flowers today. Which means to be fully grammatical the giver has to either be explicitly named or understand from context to be that significant other, etc. It simply describes the situation from the side of that giver...

"Mite mite! kyou hana wo kureta yo! ureshii!" = (look ! look ! (He) gave me flowers today ! I'm so happy !)
"Mite mite! kyou hana wo moratta! ureshii!" (look look! I got flowers today! I'm so happy!)

Just my impression

ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙?陳ｩ窶堙?。ﾂ債｡窶愿ｺ窶ｰﾃ披?堙ｰ窶堋ｭ窶堙ｪ窶堋ｽ窶堙個。窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢ﾂ〜ﾂ。
ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙?陳ｩ窶堙?。ﾂ債｡窶愿ｺ窶ｰﾃ披?堙ｰ窶堋ｭ窶堙ｪ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｦﾂ。窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢窶堙仰。

In the former she simply reports to me that (He) gave her flowers today, whereas the latter sounds like "(He) gave us flowers." It might be sentence final particles issues, though.

 

[Kirakira1232]

Ahhhh...~~the ever deepening mysteries of "kureru" ! I still get a headache from this....Kureru can be a favor/positive benefit given to the speaker of course or between two third parties, the recipient of which is an associate of the speaker, but the above sentence does translate to (In Group someone ha/ga ) GAVE her (the indirect object) flowers today. Which means to be fully grammatical the giver has to either be explicitly named or understand from context to be that significant other, etc. It simply describes the situation from the side of that giver...

"Mite mite! kyou hana wo kureta yo! ureshii!" = (look ! look ! (He) gave me flowers today ! I'm so happy !)
"Mite mite! kyou hana wo moratta! ureshii!" (look look! I got flowers today! I'm so happy!)



Morau can be marked with either particles に or から。And kureru can also be between 2 third parties.

Difference between ageru, kureru and morau...

Yeah Kureru still really spins my head sometimes. Morau and ageru is more straight forward. The only real definite situation i use kureru in is when asking for a favor from a really good friend

Kara and ni both mark the giver when using morau. I'm told though that kara is more used when your talking about a giver thats not...human? Like for example

私は大学から諸学金をもらいました。
I received a scholarship from the university.

 

[Elizabeth]

Yeah Kureru still really spins my head sometimes. Morau and ageru is more straight forward. The only real definite situation i use kureru in is when asking for a favor from a really good friend
Kara and ni both mark the giver when using morau. I'm told though that kara is more used when your talking about a giver thats not...human? Like for example
私は大学から諸学金をもらいました。
I received a scholarship from the university.

Yeah, that can't be helped. It has to be kara with non human indirect objects.

Using kureru with inanimate objects is usual pretty safe as well.

 

[Putrefaction]

Hey guys. So here's the compilation of my material from Genki Ch. 13 + 14. I no doubt got a lot wrong and I ask you once again to help me and make sure that at least the structure is right. I have forgotten a LOT since I haven't done it in a week, I am planning to review Ch 13 and 14 and hopefully the listening comprehensions which I suck at.

---

For this one, I put the Hiragana next to the Kanji because I'm horrible at doing the entire thing, you know what I mean?
ﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩ 窶堙坂?堙遺?堋ｹ窶堙ｩ
窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙ｩ
ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ 窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ
ﾅｽﾃ倪?堙ｨ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ 窶堋ｩ窶堙ｨ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ
窶藩??堙ｪ窶堙ｩ 窶堋ｱ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ
ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ 窶堙昶?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ
窶堙｢窶堙溪?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ
ﾂ寝窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ 窶堙銀?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ
窶佚停?堙??堙ｩ 窶堙懌?堙??堙ｩ
窶ｰj窶堋ｰ窶堙ｩ 窶堋ｨ窶堙ｦ窶堋ｰ窶堙ｩ
窶｢ﾃ停?堙溪?堙ｩ 窶堋?窶堙溪?堙ｩ
窶慊ｭ窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ 窶堙坂?堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ

This was the first time I ever had a -te before a verb. If you recall from Elizabeth's first topic, I had never done it, and while I can understand the concept of it, it's not sinking in. I'm sure I'll get it when I review.

窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、ﾂ辛窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙?食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、窶愿ｯ窶堋ｵ窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙??堙??堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、窶扨窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙??愿ｼ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、窶纏窶堋ｵ窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙??堙??堋ｩ窶堋ｯ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、窶伉ｽ窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙??牢窶｢窶敘?o窶堋ｦ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、ﾅ?ﾂｦ窶ｰﾃ溪?堋ｬ窶堙??ｰj窶堋ｰ窶堙懌?堋ｺ窶堙ｱ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。

ﾅｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堋ｵﾂ、窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱﾂ宿窶佚ｨ窶堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ債｡ﾂ週窶堙坂?纏窶堋ｵ窶堋｢ﾂ。
窶堙｢窶堋ｳ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ親ﾂ静倪?堋ｾ窶堋ｵﾂ、窶堋｢窶堋｢ﾂ人窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙最陳ｵ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢窶堋ｵﾂ、窶卍ｷ窶堋｢ﾆ椎槌竹ﾂーﾆ暖窶堙ｰﾂ鞘?倪?堋ｩ窶堙遺?堋ｭ窶堋ｿ窶堙｡窶堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾅ弛ﾂ催鞘?堙固ｽﾃｶ窶ｹﾃ??堙ｰﾅｽﾃｦ窶堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾂ食窶堙冷?｢ﾂｨ窶堙坂?堋ｨ窶堋｢窶堋ｵ窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾅ陳ｾ窶杯窶堋ｪ窶堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｵﾂ、窶板ｷﾂ行窶堙最?y窶堋ｵ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
窶｢窶版ｽﾃ冷?堙ｰ窶堙絶?堋｢窶堙??堋｢窶堙ｩ窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ催ｰ窶愿ｺﾆ恥ﾂーﾆ弾ﾆ達窶堙可行窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
ﾅ?ﾂｿﾅｽﾅ｡窶堋ｪ窶愿??堙溪?堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｵﾂ、窶｢ﾂｶ窶邸窶堋ｪ窶堙ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ新窶｢ﾂｷ窶堙ｰ窶愿??堙溪?堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｵﾂ、窶堙?窶堋､窶佚･ﾂ人窶堋ｾ窶堋ｵﾂ、窶板ｷﾂ行窶堋ｪ窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。

ﾅｽq窶ｹﾅｸ窶堙固ｽﾅｾﾂ、ﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙俄?｢ﾃ?窶堋ｯ窶堋ｽﾂ、ﾅｽﾃ披?堋ｪ窶ｰ^窶彎窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
窶ｰ窶昶?｢M窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰ窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｷ窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、窶愿ｺ窶怒窶堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽ窶堋｢ﾂ。
ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
ﾋ?ｪ窶愿ｺ窶堙俄?愿ｱﾅｽﾅｾﾅ?ﾃ披?堋ｮ窶堙ｧ窶堋｢窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｷ窶堙ｩﾂ。
ﾋ?ｪﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ披?堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ椎槌湛ﾆ暖ﾆ停?ｰﾆ停?懌?堙可行窶堋ｭﾂ。
#8 doesn't fit right with me, but here's what I have: ﾋ?ｪﾆ停?｢ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙架彁窶｢S窶毒凪?ｰ~窶堙ｰﾅｽg窶堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。(Are they asking me how much I use in a month, as in, spend in a month?)

窶吮??ﾂ坂?佛津ｪ窶堋ｪﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩﾂ。
窶ｰj窶堋ｰ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
ﾂ静ｪ窶禿･窶堋ｪﾅ塚??堙溪?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙可行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。(窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ)
窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩﾂ。
ﾂ債｡窶愿ｺ窶堙債出窶堋ｩ窶堋ｯ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。

窶堋ｱ窶堙≫?堙 (窶堙??堙ｱ窶堙按？) 窶ｰﾃ娯?堙ｰ窶ｰﾃ娯?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
窶堙??堋ｱ窶堙???窶堋｢窶｢ﾅｾ窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
ﾂ催ｰ窶禿ｩ窶堙債寝窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
ﾅｽq窶ｹﾅｸ窶堙固ｽﾅｾ窶堙家痴ﾂーﾆ筑ﾆ停?懌?堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｪﾂ、ﾂ債｡ﾆ痴ﾂーﾆ筑ﾆ停?懌?堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩﾂ。
窶堋ｨﾂ青ｳﾅ椎ｽ窶吮?ｦ窶｢ﾂｨ窶堙ｰ窶吮?ｦ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。

Then, before I went off the potentials completely, I remembered I wanted to ask this:
窶堋､窶堋ｿ窶堙俄?ｹA窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶怒窶堋ｪ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。

Are these acceptable? I'm 99% sure the second one is.

ﾆ陳?但ﾆ椎?窶堙才?ｪ窶愿ｺ窶堙架?ｪﾅｽﾅｾﾅ?ﾃ披?愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙姑弾ﾂーﾆ致窶堙ｰ窶｢ﾂｷ窶堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ淡ﾆ停?｡ﾆ停?懌?堙才?ｪﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ披?堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ湛ﾂーﾆ恥ﾂー窶堙鳴行窶堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
窶堙昶?堋ｿ窶堋ｱ窶堙才?ｪﾆ停?｢ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙俄?愿ｱ窶ｰﾃｱ窶敞停?堋｢窶｢ﾂｨ窶堙ｰ窶堋ｵ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ単ﾆ停?懌?堙才?ｪ窶扼窶堙架?ｪ窶忸窶板ｷﾂ行窶堙ｰ窶堋ｵ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。

My own sentences. I wanted to see if they will work in the past:
ﾆ湛ﾆ弾ﾆ達ﾂーﾆ置窶堙債静ｦﾂ週窶堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ但ﾆ停?ｹﾆ弛ﾆ辰ﾆ暖窶堙俄?｢ﾃ?窶堋｢窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶｢ﾃｪ窶堙坂?ｹﾅｽ窶扼窶堙俄?愿ｱﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ板静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堋ｾ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
Then, these:
ﾂ静ｦﾂ週窶堙俄?愿ｱ窶ｰﾃｱﾂ好窶堋ｫ窶堙鞍椎槌湛ﾆ暖ﾆ停?ｰﾆ停?懌?堙可食窶堙冷?堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽﾂ。
I tried to go to your favorite restaurant twice last week.
ﾂ債｡ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ、窶凅窶堋ｭﾂ債｡ﾅ椎ｽﾂ行窶堋ｫ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。/ ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
I cant come now, but it looks like I can come later this month. / but I can probably come later this month.
窶堋ｩ窶堋ｳ窶堙債重窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。
窶堋ｻ窶堙ｪ窶堙坂?凖俄?堋ｭ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶愿ｺ窶怒窶堙可行窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｱ窶堙??堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。


And with that, this begins Chapter 14. This is the chapter with morau/ageru/kureru.

ﾆ耽ﾆ単ﾆ歎窶堙坂?堋ｯ窶堋ｿ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾆ陳?但ﾆ椎?窶堙坂?堋ｩ窶堙披?堋ｫ窶堙俄?ｹﾂｻ窶督｡窶堋ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
ﾆ蓄ﾆ蛋ﾆ坦窶堙坂?堋ｻ窶堙固ｽﾃ環真窶堋ｪ窶堙吮?堋ｵ窶堋｢窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶堋ｱ窶堙姑短ﾂーﾆ耽ﾂー窶堙最ｽ窶樞?堙嫁ｽ窶板坂?｡窶堙ｭ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾆ耽ﾆ単ﾆ歎窶堙哉陳?但ﾆ椎?窶堙家致ﾆ陳哉竹ﾂーﾆ炭窶堋ｷ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。

ﾆ筑ﾆ探ﾆ棚窶堙坂?堋｢窶堙や?堙?窶堋｢窶堋ｻ窶堋ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾆ塚?脱ﾆ坦窶堙最?wﾂ校窶堙??｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｷ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾆ湛ﾂー窶堙最ｽﾅｽﾅ陳ｱ窶堙個青ｬﾂ静鯛?堋ｪ窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
ﾂ催ｰ窶禿ｩﾂ寝窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。

窶版｡窶氾ｰﾂ鞘?倪?堙ｰ窶ｰﾃｯﾅｽﾃ絶?堙俄?倪?披?堙ｨ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？
ﾆ恥ﾂーﾆ弾ﾆ達窶堙俄?堋｢窶堋ｫ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堙??堋､窶堋ｩﾂ？
窶伉≫?堋ｭﾂ寝窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堙??堋､窶堙??堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙可坂?｡窶堋｢窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？

--The part with kureru, morau, and ageru--

ﾆ単ﾆ停?懌?堙哉湛ﾂー窶堙俄?扠窶堙ｰ窶堋?窶堋ｰ窶堋ｽﾂ。/ ﾆ湛ﾂー窶堙哉単ﾆ停?懌?堙俄?扠窶堙ｰ窶堙?窶堙ｧ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
ﾅｽ窶樞?堋ｪﾆ湛ﾂー窶堙嫁ｽﾂｫﾂ鞘?倪?堙ｰ窶堋?窶堋ｰ窶堋ｽﾂ。/ ﾆ湛ﾂー窶堙最ｽ窶樞?堋ｩ窶堙ｧﾅｽﾂｫﾂ鞘?倪?堙ｰ窶堙?窶堙ｧ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
Skipping the give part, ﾆ湛ﾂー窶堙最ｽ窶樞?堙家歎ﾆ槌槌団窶堙ｰ窶堋ｭ窶堙ｪ窶堋ｽﾂ。
ﾅｽ窶樞?堋ｪﾆ単ﾆ停?懌?堙嫁ｽﾅｾﾅ致窶堙ｰ窶堋?窶堋ｰ窶堋ｽﾂ。/ ﾆ単ﾆ停?懌?堙最ｽ窶樞?堙俄?堙壺?堋ｵ窶堙ｰ窶堋ｭ窶堙ｪ窶堋ｽﾂ。

窶認窶傳窶堋ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堋ｨ窶ｹﾃ?窶堙ｰ窶堙懌?堙ｧ窶堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶ｰﾃ??伉ｰ窶堙可新窶堋ｵ窶堋｢窶佚､ﾂ焦?窶堙ｰ窶堋?窶堋ｰ窶堋ｽﾂ。
窶ｰﾃ??伉ｰ窶堙家樽ﾆ耽ﾂー窶堙ｰ窶堋ｭ窶堙ｪ窶堋ｽﾂ。
?
?
窶堙??堙?窶堋ｾ窶堋ｿ窶堙俄?ｰf窶ｰﾃｦ窶堙個静倪?｢窶樞?堙ｰ窶堋?窶堋ｰ窶堋ｽ窶堋｢ﾂ。
ﾂ？
ﾂ？
I want to clarify before I do them. I will do them once I understand it.
4: On Valentines day, what have you experienced getting? What have you given?
5: On Valentines day, what have you experienced receiving? What have you received?
7: What's the best present (that made you glad?)? Who did you recieve it from?
8: What's the best present (that made you sad?)? Who did you recieve it from?

If my interpretations are right I'll fill them out.

Thank you in advance for helping me out, guys.

 

[Kirakira1232]

4: On Valentines day, what have you experienced getting? What have you given?
5: On Valentines day, what have you experienced receiving? What have you received?
7: What's the best present (that made you glad?)? Who did you recieve it from?
8: What's the best present (that made you sad?)? Who did you recieve it from?

Your interpretations are for the most part correct except for number 4.

4. Have you given anything on Valentines day before? What have you given?
5. Have you received anything on Valentines day before? What have you received?
6. What present made you the happiest? Who was it from?
7. What present made you unhappy? Who was it from?

 

[Putrefaction]

Ah yes, a simple typo, I meant to put giving. I'll do them in a while, thanks!

 

[undrentide]

Hi Putrefaction,

You got the potential forms, ﾂ〜窶堋ｷ窶堋ｬ窶堙?〜ﾂ（窶堙ｧﾂ）窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢, ﾂ〜窶堋ｵﾂ、ﾂ〜窶堋ｵ phrase right.


~~~~~
ﾅｽq窶ｹﾅｸ窶堙固ｽﾅｾﾂ、ﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙懌?堙?/COLOR]窶｢ﾃ?窶堋ｯ窶堋ｽﾂ（ﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙可／窶堙懌?堙??｢ﾃ?窶堋｢窶堙??堋｢窶堋ｯ窶堋ｽ sounds more natural)窶堋ｪﾂ、
ﾅｽﾃ披?堙ｰ窶ｰ^窶彎窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。ﾂ（ﾅｽﾃ披?堋ｪ is also OK, ﾅｽﾃ披?堙娯?ｰ^窶彎窶堋ｪ窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ is another option)

窶ｰ窶昶?｢M窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。(or 窶ｰ窶昶?｢M窶堋ｪ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ as the question is 窶ｰﾂｽ窶堋ｪﾂ）


窶愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙ｰ窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｵ窶堙??堋｢窶堙ｩ窶堙娯?堙?、窶愿ｺ窶怒窶堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽ窶堋｢ﾂ。
(because you're already learning Japanese.)

ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。

It's OK as the answer to Q4, but to Q3 you should make it present as it is asking about ﾂ債｡.

ﾋ?ｪ窶愿ｺ窶堙俄?愿ｱﾅｽﾅｾﾅ?ﾃ披?堋ｮ窶堙ｧ窶堋｢窶｢ﾃ冷?ｹﾂｭ窶堋ｷ窶堙ｩﾂ。
ﾋ?ｪﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ披?堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ椎槌湛ﾆ暖ﾆ停?ｰﾆ停?懌?堙可行窶堋ｭﾂ。
ﾂ週窶堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱ... is also OK (and maybe more commonly used.)

As for Q8, your interpretation is correct, it means "how much do you spend a month?"
Here ﾅｽg窶堋､ means "to spend money". so your answer
ﾋ?ｪﾆ停?｢ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙架彁窶｢S窶毒凪?ｰ~窶堙ｰﾅｽg窶堋｢窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
is good! (And I wish I could spend that much in a month! )
~~~
You answered correctly for the next group of questions.

窶吮??ﾂ坂?佛津ｪ窶堋ｪﾋ彙窶堋ｹ窶堙ｩﾂ。
窶ｰj窶堋ｰ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
ﾂ静ｪ窶禿･窶堋ｪﾅ塚??堙溪?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙可行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。(窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ)
窶堋ｽ窶堋ｭ窶堋ｳ窶堙ｱﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩﾂ。
ﾂ債｡窶愿ｺ窶堙債出窶堋ｩ窶堋ｯ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。

~~~
窶堋ｱ窶堙≫?堙 (窶堙??堙ｱ窶堙按？) 窶ｰﾃ娯?堙ｰ窶ｰﾃ娯?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
should be 窶堙??堙ｱ窶堙?/COLOR]窶ｰﾃ娯?堙ｰ窶ｰﾃ娯?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？

The rest of the answers are OK.

窶堙??堋ｱ窶堙???窶堋｢窶｢ﾅｾ窶堙ｰ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙懌?堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
ﾂ催ｰ窶禿ｩ窶堙債寝窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
ﾅｽq窶ｹﾅｸ窶堙固ｽﾅｾ窶堙家痴ﾂーﾆ筑ﾆ停?懌?堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｪﾂ、ﾂ債｡ﾆ痴ﾂーﾆ筑ﾆ停?懌?堙ｰﾂ食窶堙冷?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩﾂ。
窶堋ｨﾂ青ｳﾅ椎ｽ窶吮?ｦ窶｢ﾂｨ窶堙ｰ窶吮?ｦ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。

Though the last one would be more natural to say
窶堋ｨﾂ青ｳﾅ椎ｽ窶堙俄?吮?ｦ窶｢ﾂｨ窶堙ｰ窶吮?ｦ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｱ窶堙??堋ｪ窶堙??堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｵ窶堋ｽﾂ。

~~~

Then, before I went off the potentials completely, I remembered I wanted to ask this:
窶堋､窶堋ｿ窶堙俄?ｹA窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶怒窶堋ｪ窶敞停?堋ｦ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。

Are these acceptable? I'm 99% sure the second one is.

Yes, both are correct!


ﾆ陳?但ﾆ椎?窶堙才?ｪ窶愿ｺ窶堙架?ｪﾅｽﾅｾﾅ?ﾃ披?愿ｺ窶怒ﾅ津ｪ窶堙姑弾ﾂーﾆ致窶堙ｰ窶｢ﾂｷ窶堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ淡ﾆ停?｡ﾆ停?懌?堙才?ｪﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ披?堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ湛ﾂーﾆ恥ﾂー窶堙鳴行窶堋ｫ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
窶堙昶?堋ｿ窶堋ｱ窶堙才?ｪﾆ停?｢ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙俄?愿ｱ窶ｰﾃｱ窶敞停?堋｢窶｢ﾂｨ窶堙ｰ窶堋ｵ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。
ﾆ単ﾆ停?懌?堙才?ｪ窶扼窶堙架?ｪ窶忸窶板ｷﾂ行窶堙ｰ窶堋ｵ窶堙懌?堋ｷﾂ。

In the above sentences, ﾋ?ｪﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ披?堙可／ﾋ?ｪﾆ停?毒椎ｽ窶堙可／ﾋ?ｪ窶扼窶堙 are OK but usually we say
ﾂ週窶堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾂ、ﾅ椎ｽ窶堙俄?愿ｱ窶ｰﾃｱﾂ、窶扼窶堙架?ｪ窶忸
~~~

My own sentences. I wanted to see if they will work in the past:
ﾆ湛ﾆ弾ﾆ達ﾂーﾆ置窶堙債静ｦﾂ週窶堙架?ｪ窶ｰﾃｱﾆ但ﾆ停?ｹﾆ弛ﾆ辰ﾆ暖窶堙俄?｢ﾃ?窶堋｢窶堋ｽﾂ。

ﾆ但ﾆ停?ｹﾆ弛ﾆ辰ﾆ暖窶堙俄?｢ﾃ?窶堋ｭ sounds a bit awkward. Also ﾂ静ｦﾂ週 does not take 窶堙 but stands on its own.
If Steve walked to the place for his part-time job, then
ﾆ湛ﾆ弾ﾆ達ﾂーﾆ置窶堙債静ｦﾂ週ﾋ?ｪ窶忸ﾆ但ﾆ停?ｹﾆ弛ﾆ辰ﾆ暖窶堙俄?｢ﾃ?窶堋｢窶堙??堋｢窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。

窶｢ﾃｪ窶堙坂?ｹﾅｽ窶扼窶堙俄?愿ｱﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ板静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堋ｾ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。

Same about 窶ｹﾅｽ窶扼ﾂ、 it does not need 窶堙?
窶｢ﾃｪ窶堙坂?ｹﾅｽ窶扼窶愿ｱﾂ週ﾅ?ﾃ板静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堋ｾ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。
Do you mean ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙??堋ｵ窶堙??慊ｭ窶堋｢窶堋ｽ by ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堋ｾ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ？

Then, these:
ﾂ静ｦﾂ週窶堙俄?愿ｱ窶ｰﾃｱﾂ好窶堋ｫ窶堙鞍椎槌湛ﾆ暖ﾆ停?ｰﾆ停?懌?堙可食窶堙冷?堙可行窶堙≫?堙??堙昶?堋ｽﾂ。
I tried to go to your favorite restaurant twice last week.

ﾂ静ｦﾂ週ﾂ not ﾂ静ｦﾂ週窶堙
Otherwise it is OK.

ﾂ債｡ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ、窶凅窶堋ｭﾂ債｡ﾅ椎ｽﾂ行窶堋ｫ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。/ ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
I cant come now, but it looks like I can come later this month. / but I can probably come later this month.

ﾂ債｡窶堙梗/COLOR]ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堋ｪﾂ、ﾂ債｡ﾅ椎ｽ窶ｰﾂｺﾂ旬窶堙俄?堙債行窶堋ｭ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱ or ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷ
ﾂ行窶堋ｫ窶堋ｻ窶堋､ﾂ： something looks like it might go. It is strange to use about yourself because it sounds as if you're observing yourself as a third person...
ﾂ行窶堋ｯ窶堋ｻ窶堋､ﾂ： might be able to come

Note: you use ﾂ行窶堋ｭ for come.
It is OK but only when you're talking about coming to the person you're talking to.
Otherwise you should use 窶藩??堙ｩ.

窶堋ｩ窶堋ｳ窶堙債重窶堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。ﾂ 窶嗜窶嗚
窶堋ｻ窶堙ｪ窶堙坂?凖俄?堋ｭ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。ﾂ ﾂ?ｨﾂ 窶凖俄?堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堋ｾﾂ。
ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙俄?堙遺?堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。ﾂ ﾂ?ｨﾂ 窶堙遺?堙ｪ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙俄?堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。
窶愿ｺ窶怒窶堙可行窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堋ｱ窶堙??堋ｪ窶堋?窶堙ｩ窶堋ｩ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｪ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。ﾂ 窶嗜窶嗚 (if you're describing someone else, not yourself)


窶版｡窶氾ｰﾂ鞘?倪?堙ｰ窶ｰﾃｯﾅｽﾃ絶?堙俄?倪?披?堙ｨ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？ ﾂ?ｨﾂ 窶倪?披?堙≫?堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？
ﾆ恥ﾂーﾆ弾ﾆ達窶堙俄?堋｢窶堋ｫ窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堙??堋､窶堋ｩﾂ？ﾂ ﾂ?ｨﾂ ﾂ行窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堙??堋､窶堙??堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？
窶伉≫?堋ｭﾂ寝窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧ窶堙??堋､窶堙??堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？ﾂ 窶嗜窶嗚
ﾂ静ｦﾂ青ｶ窶堙可坂?｡窶堋｢窶堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？ﾂ ﾂ?ｨﾂ 窶ｰﾃｯ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶堙ｧﾂ？

Be careful about the conjugation of some verbs.
Also ﾂ坂?｡窶堋､ and ﾂ 窶ｰﾃｯ窶堋､ are different. To meet is 窶ｰﾃｯ窶堋､.

 

[Putrefaction]

Hi Putrefaction,

You got the potential forms, ～すぎて～（ら）れない, ～し、～し phrase right.

Yay! Awesome!

子供の時、学校まで歩けた（学校に／まで歩いていけた sounds more natural)が、
車を運転できなかった。（車が is also OK, 車の運転ができなかった is another option)

"歩いていけた" I think I can dissect this, it's the te form of walk...in the past tense? So this goes all the way back to forget/forgot, I was going to ask why you would use the -te iketa instead of just -keta...:?

鉛筆を買えます。(or 鉛筆が買えます as the question is 何が）

Should've seen this one!

日本語を勉強しているので、日本に行ってみたい。
(because you're already learning Japanese.)

Right! I know the -te form is to do the present, so...uh oh...back to the other question about -keta :\

月に行ってみたかった。

It's OK as the answer to Q4, but to Q3 you should make it present as it is asking about 今.

I think I missed a question!

一日に二時間ぐらい勉強する。
一週間に一回レストランに行く。
週に一回... is also OK (and maybe more commonly used.)

I guess if you don't put in a specific number, it's assumed as you're talking about one week?

As for Q8, your interpretation is correct, it means "how much do you spend a month?"
Here 使う means "to spend money". so your answer
一ヵ月に六百万円を使います。
is good! (And I wish I could spend that much in a month! )

Haha, I'm so used to just putting yen that I didn't think. Dollars would be more exact, and that's a lot for college student!!

You answered correctly for the next group of questions.

AWESOME!!

こっな (どんな？) 歌を歌えますか？
should be どんな歌を歌えますか？

I was thinking that, but I recently learned konna so I thought it'd be better to put that in, but donna makes more sense. Thanks!

The rest of the answers are OK.

Though the last one...
お正月着物を着られました。
...would be more natural to say
お正月に着物を着ることができました。

Ah, a ni marker for the day. That'd make sense, as you'd use kayoubi ni... I remember way back in Genki I you don't always need to use ni regarding times of the day and relative things to the present, is that right?

In the above sentences, 一週間に／一ヶ月に／一年に are OK but usually we say
週に一回、月に二回、年に一度

I actually wanted to ask you about the 年に一度. I remember this means "one year one time", could I have also used 年に一回? Or conversely, 週に一度?

アルバイトに歩く sounds a bit awkward. Also 先週 does not take に but stands on its own.
If Steve walked to the place for his part-time job, then
スティーブは先週一度アルバイトに歩いていった。

I see, most of the questions I have on this are already asked above. I think what I asked is true.

Same about 去年、 it does not need に.
母は去年二週間先生だった。
Do you mean 先生として働いた by 先生だった？

I usually mess these things up. The first sentence was supposed to read:
My mother was a teacher for two weeks last year.
母は去年二週間先生だった。

I haven't done the -te (another verb) form yet so I assume I'm wrong on this one.

今は行けないが、今月下旬には行くかもしれません or 行けそうです
行きそう： something looks like it might go. It is strange to use about yourself because it sounds as if you're observing yourself as a third person...
行けそう： might be able to come

Aah, not even close. Haha!

それは痛くそうもない。 → 痛くなさそうだ。

The one I wrote applies to verbs only, the first to adjectives? I should've remembered!

先生になりそうもない。 → なれそうにない。

Sorry, I never did this one...would you mind giving me a basic overview of this form? Is it specific to naru?

日本に行ったことがあるかもしれない。 ＯＫ (if you're describing someone else, not yourself)

And if I was describing myself, what would it be? I was actually writing this for myself. Just take out the whole koto ga aru, leave it itta kamoshiremasen?

履歴書を会社に送りたら？ → 送ったら？
パーティにいきたらどうか？ → 行ったらどうですか？
早く寝たらどうですか？ ＯＫ
先生に合いたら？ → 会ったら？

Holy snap, I completely blanked out and I put the verb stem (before the -masu) instead of the past tense.

Be careful about the conjugation of some verbs.
Also 合う and 会う are different. To meet is 会う.

Are the hiragana the same? I put it in my iPhone and that's what popped out, weird.

:sorry::sorry::sorry::sorry: Thank you so much! I'll post the other ones I left out and such. I'll also definitely leave you rep when I can!!

 

[Putrefaction]

I know I had questions, I also want to add some more in this post. Too many, I know...


I went back and looked at "looks like..." and came up with these:

この本は古そうですね？(This book looks old, doesn't it?)
いいえ、古くなさそう。(No, it doesn't look old.)
古そうな本を持っている。(I'm carrying an old book.)
家に早く帰れそうです。/ 家に早く帰れそうもありません。
This one I'm going to type out my explanation. It should read:
It looks like I can go home early! / It doesn't look like I can go home early.
I combined the possible form, with looks like, with an adverb before it.
kaeru = ri verb, therefore its possible is kaereru.
soo = take verb stem (before -masu), therefore kaereru -> kaeresoodesu.
To negate, after soo, put mo and arimasen. kaeresoomoarimasen.

Sorry for the romaji. But I have a feeling that the last one's wrong too!

Now on to that #7 from the ageru/morau/kureru. It reads:
一番うれしかったプレゼントは何ですか？

The part where I'm confused, as I've never seen it before, is highlighted in blue. This is no qualifier, is it? I can understand it clearly as you can see, but for some reason the structure isn't sinking in? I can see it's talking about the past tense as signified by katta, so is this a regular adjective in the past tense just modifying "present"?


Thank you once again for answering my many questions

--edit
I thought it'd automerge, weird. In any case, sorry for the double post!

 

[Elizabeth]

Yay! Awesome!



"歩いていけた" I think I can dissect this, it's the te form of walk...in the past tense? So this goes all the way back to forget/forgot, I was going to ask why you would use the -te iketa instead of just -keta...:?

いけた (行けた） is not related to 歩いて（い）た。 It is the past potential form of 行く (歩く＋いく ＝ to go to by foot, by walking) used in responding to the question contrasting childhood and adult abilities. 歩いていくことが出来たけど。。。 is fine too, of course.

 

[Toritoribe]

ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ 窶堙昶?堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ

ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ is not inccorect for the potential form of ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙ｩ, but ﾅ陳ｩ窶堋ｦ窶堙ｩ is more commonly used. ﾅ陳ｩ窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙ｩ tends to be used as the passive form.

窶督ｾ窶愿ｺﾅ?wﾂ校窶堙可行窶堋ｯ窶堙遺?堋｢ﾂ。(窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ)

When you use 窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ, it should be ﾂ行窶堋ｩ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ. The potential form + 窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ is odd in meaning in this usage of 窶堙や?堙?窶堙ｨ.

Sorry, I never did this one...would you mind giving me a basic overview of this form? Is it specific to naru?

窶堙遺?堙ｩﾂ?ｨ窶堙遺?堙ｨ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢
(Someone) seems not to become a teacher.
窶堙遺?堙ｪ窶堙ｩ(the potential form)ﾂ?ｨ窶堙遺?堙ｪ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堙遺?堋｢
I couldn't become a teacher./(Someone) seems not to be able to become a teacher.

And if I was describing myself, what would it be? I was actually writing this for myself. Just take out the whole koto ga aru, leave it itta kamoshiremasen?

Yes, except your memory is so vague.

I went back and looked at "looks like..." and came up with these:
窶堋ｱ窶堙娯?怒窶堙最津??堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷ窶堙仰？(This book looks old, doesn't it?)
窶堋｢窶堋｢窶堋ｦﾂ、ﾅ津??堋ｭ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋ｻ窶堋､ﾂ。(No, it doesn't look old.)
ﾅ津??堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙遺?怒窶堙ｰﾅｽﾂ昶?堙≫?堙??堋｢窶堙ｩﾂ。(I'm carrying an old book.)
窶ｰﾃ??堙俄?伉≫?堋ｭ窶ｹA窶堙ｪ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙??堋ｷﾂ。/ 窶ｰﾃ??堙俄?伉≫?堋ｭ窶ｹA窶堙ｪ窶堋ｻ窶堋､窶堙?窶堋?窶堙ｨ窶堙懌?堋ｹ窶堙ｱﾂ。
This one I'm going to type out my explanation. It should read:
It looks like I can go home early! / It doesn't look like I can go home early.
I combined the possible form, with looks like, with an adverb before it.
kaeru = ri verb, therefore its possible is kaereru.
soo = take verb stem (before -masu), therefore kaereru -> kaeresoodesu.
To negate, after soo, put mo and arimasen. kaeresoomoarimasen.

Now on to that #7 from the ageru/morau/kureru. It reads:
ﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖窶堙坂?ｰﾂｽ窶堙??堋ｷ窶堋ｩﾂ？

The part where I'm confused, as I've never seen it before, is highlighted in blue. This is no qualifier, is it? I can understand it clearly as you can see, but for some reason the structure isn't sinking in? I can see it's talking about the past tense as signified by katta, so is this a regular adjective in the past tense just modifying "present"?

That past form shows that ﾂ（ﾂ債｡窶堙懌?堙?ｽﾃ?ﾂ催帚?堙俄?禿｡窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶吮??窶堙?）ﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖, the best present in the ones you've really received. Whereas ﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢ﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖 means the best present you want now including the ones you haven't received yet.

 

[Elizabeth]

I know I had questions, I also want to add some more in this post. Too many, I know...


I went back and looked at "looks like..." and came up with these:

この本は古そうですね？(This book looks old, doesn't it?)
いいえ、古くなさそう。(No, it doesn't look old.)
古そうな本を持っている。(I'm carrying an old book.)
家に早く帰れそうです。/ 家に早く帰れそうもありません。
This one I'm going to type out my explanation. It should read:
It looks like I can go home early! / It doesn't look like I can go home early.
I combined the possible form, with looks like, with an adverb before it.
kaeru = ri verb, therefore its possible is kaereru.
soo = take verb stem (before -masu), therefore kaereru -> kaeresoodesu.
To negate, after soo, put mo and arimasen. kaeresoomoarimasen.

The resultant verb negation turning "-sou da" into "-sou mo nai/nakatta" actually ends up fairly emphatic. It is not a horribly common combination. I would translate the reibun as follows : There's no way that I'll be able to go home early !/There's no sign I'll be able to go leave early. など。。。 ☝

Sorry for the romaji. But I have a feeling that the last one's wrong too!

Now on to that #7 from the ageru/morau/kureru. It reads:
一番うれしかったプレゼントは何ですか？

The part where I'm confused, as I've never seen it before, is highlighted in blue. This is no qualifier, is it? I can understand it clearly as you can see, but for some reason the structure isn't sinking in? I can see it's talking about the past tense as signified by katta, so is this a regular adjective in the past tense just modifying "present"?

What's the happiest present you received ? It is a modifier of present.

 

[Kirakira1232]

The resultant verb negation turning "-sou da" into "-sou mo nai/nakatta" actually ends up fairly emphatic. It is not a horribly common combination. I would translate the reibun as follows : There's no way that I'll be able to go home early !/There's no sign I'll be able to go leave early. など。。。 ☝



What's the happiest present you received ? It is a modifier of present.

Yeah I thought of "happiest present" but that sounds kind of really strange in english for me. I envision the present having a huge smilie face being plastered on it or something.

:?

 

[Elizabeth]

Yeah I thought of "happiest present" but that sounds kind of really strange in english for me. I envision the present having a huge smilie face being plastered on it or something.
:?

より、「喜ばれたプレゼント」は普通だと思います。でも、「喜ばせたプレゼント」は聞いたことがない。。。 :? Ｈａｐｐｉｅｓｔ ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ ｓｏｒｔ ｏｆ ｓｌｉｄｅｓ ｏｆｆ ｔｈｅ ｔｏｎｇｕｅ ｌｉｋｅ ａ ｆｕｎｎｙ ｃａｓｕａｌ ｍｉｘ ｏｆ Ｅｎｇｌｉｓｈ ａｎｄ ｓｏｍｅ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｄｉａｌｅｃｔ．．．ｂｕｔ ｏｔｈｅｒ ｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｏｒｓ ａｒｅ ＯＫ （ｍｏｓｔ ｔｅｒｒｉｆｙｉｎｇ，ｍｏｓｔ ｍｅｍｏｒａｂｌｅ／ｍｏｓｔ ｔｒｅａｓｕｒｅｄ ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ） ａｎｄ ｔｈｉｓ ＩＳ Ｊａｐａｎｅｓｅ ｔｈａｔ ｗｉｌｌ ｎｅｖｅｒ ｗｉｎ ａ ｍｅｄａｌ ｆｏｒ ｃｏｎｃｉｓｅｎｅｓｓ ａｆｔｅｒ ａｌｌ．．．

 

[Toritoribe]

Ah, I see. The subject of the adjectival clause is not the present but "you" in the example sentense. Maybe where you stumbled was here?

ﾂ（窶斗窶堙債）窶堋ｱ窶堙姑致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖窶堋ｪ窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾂ。: I was happy (to receive) this present.
ﾂ（窶斗窶堋ｪﾂ）窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖: the present I was happy (to receive)

ﾂ（窶堋?窶堙遺?堋ｽ窶堋ｪ窶伉｡窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙?）ﾋ?ｪ窶敕披?堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖: the present you were/felt happiest to receive


ﾂ（窶伉｡窶堙≫?堙??佛?ﾅｽﾃｨ窶堙可）ﾅ?ﾃｬ窶堙寂?堙ｪ窶堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖 refers to a description on the giver side. In contrast, ﾂ（窶伉｡窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙?ｽﾂｩ窶｢ﾂｪ窶堋ｪﾂ）窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ/ﾅ?ﾃｬ窶堙ｱ窶堋ｾﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖 does on the receiver side.;-)

 

[Putrefaction]

But isn't うれしかった in the past tense? I'm so confused on this. The only thing I can see is there's no verb so to modify anyting in the past tense I guess I'd have to be the adjective... :? What if I just made it ureshii puresento like I'd normally make it?

 

[aardwolf]

sorry for the late reply!
thanks for the links to the other discussion and explanations, i think i have kureru/ageru/morau down now.
arigatou gozaimashita~~!

 

[undrentide]

But isn't 窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ in the past tense? I'm so confused on this. The only thing I can see is there's no verb so to modify anyting in the past tense I guess I'd have to be the adjective... :? What if I just made it ureshii puresento like I'd normally make it?

窶堙?窶堙ｧ窶堙≫?堙??堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋｢ﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖
presents which you are happy to receive (anytime, or in the future)
窶堙?窶堙ｧ窶堙≫?堙??堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖
presents you've already received and felt happy about

 

[Putrefaction]

So is the うれしかった modifying the プレゼント or the time in which it is? I'm still confused and I'm sorry!

omoshiroi hon = interesting book
omoshirokatta hon = (was) interesting book?

 

[Toritoribe]

So is the 窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ modifying the ﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖 or the time in which it is? I'm still confused and I'm sorry!

"you've already received and were/felt happy at the time," as repeatedly mentioned.

omoshiroi hon = interesting book
omoshirokatta hon = (was) interesting book?

窶堋ｨ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｫ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶怒
the book you've already read and felt interesting/were interested in (at the time)

This doesn't mean "not interested in now."

 

[Elizabeth]

おもしろかった本
the book you've already read and felt interesting/were interested in (at the time)
This doesn't mean "not interested in now."

Very similar to English. More natural is "a book that I thought was interesting."
Omoshirokatta to omotta hon. In Japanese, though, I understand this implies no longer interested, or a loss of interest from the time it was read to the present. :?

 

[Putrefaction]

Not sinking in. Not your fault, it's my fault, just like the -ta / -te ita problem I have.

Ah, I see. The subject of the adjectival clause is not the present but "you" in the example sentense. Maybe where you stumbled was here?
（僕は）このプレゼントがうれしかった。: I was happy (to receive) this present.
（僕が）うれしかったプレゼント: the present I was happy (to receive)
（あなたが贈られて）一番うれしかったプレゼント: the present you were/felt happiest to receive
（贈って相手に）喜ばれたプレゼント refers to a description on the giver side. In contrast, （贈られて自分が）うれしかった/喜んだプレゼント does on the receiver side.;-)

I'm just stumbled all together. I'm sure you see that in the latter posts.
See, your first sentence makes perfect sense to me because I've been using it since forever, it's past tense at the end of a sentence which means it modifies the feeling to past tense and therefore the sentence. And if I made it ureshii instead of ureshikatta, it'd be in the present.
The second one is an adjective before a noun, so it means it's modifying the noun. I can also do this, just like omoshiroi hon. Elizabeth said:

What's the happiest present you received ? It is a modifier of present.

But I don't understand, it's before the present, so isn't it modifying the noun as well as time or am I getting that wrong too?

the best present in the ones you've really received. Whereas 一番うれしいプレゼント means the best present you want now including the ones you haven't received yet.

I understand and it makes sense but it's just not sinking in.

Should I be thinking "was happy present" in terms of ureshikatta puresento vs "happy present" in terms of ureshii puresento? Can you give me another example so I can type out what I think?

 

[Toritoribe]

The second one is an adjective before a noun, so it means it's modifying the noun. I can also do this, just like omoshiroi hon. Elizabeth said:

But I don't understand, it's before the present, so isn't it modifying the noun as well as time or am I getting that wrong too?

No. That's not just an adjective but more likely an adjectival clause modifying ﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖, as already wrote. The subject of the clause, "I," is omitted in the second example.

ﾂ（窶斗窶堋ｪﾂ債｡窶堙懌?堙??堙俄?伉｡窶堙ｧ窶堙ｪ窶堙?）窶堋､窶堙ｪ窶堋ｵ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽﾆ致ﾆ椎槌端ﾆ停?愴暖: the present I was happy to receive(not "was happy present")

Very similar to English. More natural is "a book that I thought was interesting."
Omoshirokatta to omotta hon. In Japanese, though, I understand this implies no longer interested, or a loss of interest from the time it was read to the present. :?

Depending on the context(e.g. ﾅｽq窶ｹﾅｸ窶堙個債?窶堙坂?堋ｨ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｫ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶怒), yes. But 窶堋ｨ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｫ窶堋ｩ窶堙≫?堋ｽ窶怒 generally means the simple past, because 窶堋ｨ窶堙?窶堋ｵ窶堙ｫ窶堋｢ is ﾅ?'ﾂ湘ｮﾂ・ﾅ?'ﾅ?oﾅ蛋窶覇ﾅｽﾅ? an emotional/sensuous adjective.
Need a word or phrase translated?