(To) Have...

[Tomii515]

how do you make a sentence have "have" in it...like:

I have to go inside.

point out how to do it...thanx!

 

[Gaijinian]

Like, "I MUST do something?"

V-neg-kute wa narimasen/ikemasen
V-neg-kereba narimasen/ikemasen
v-neg-nai to dame
v-neg-nai to
V-neg-nakya...

ect

I have to eat:
Tabenakute wa narimasen
Tabenai to...
ect

 

[Tomii515]

ummm.what???? i have no idea what you taking about...

like "I HAVE to do something" and "I HAVE something"

how do u do those kind of sentences?

 

[KrazyKat]

The use of have in the sentences 'I have to go inside' and 'I have a pen' is very different. In the first sentence it means 'I must go inside' and gaijinian explained that usage. However 'i have a pen' means 'i own a pen' or 'I have a pen with me' this usage is translated as ペンを持っている（もっている） or ペンがある

One more usage of 'have', (similar to the second one above) is to indicate having had an experience. eg. I have eaten sushi. Here we would translate to すしをたべたことがある

 

[The7thSamurai]

Gaijinian, is that a complete list? I've been interested for a while on the different ways to say "I have to...", so far I only know:

食べなければなりません
食べなければならない

食べなくちゃいけません
食べなくちゃいけない

教えてください！

 

[KrazyKat]

We have one of the three なければ（なきゃ）、なくては（なくちゃ） or ないと
Followed by one of the three いけません なりません だめ
Some conbinations are more common than others (see google) and often only the first part is said (the rest implied)

 

[Tomii515]

i dont get it XD

what part of the sentence is accualy the "have"

 

[KrazyKat]

None of it:）
But it depends how you look at it. Which sentence and which usage were you thinking about?

The important thing to realize is that we translate meaning not words. Therefore each different usage of have will likely be translated a different way. This means that there is no Japanese word which is the same as the English 'to have' and we have to look at each different meaning of 'to have' separately.

 

[Buntaro]

I have a pencil.

--> Empitsu ga arimasu.

 

[The7thSamurai]

Tomii, I think you're confusing the meanings. In English, 'have' has several meanings. Others have already pointed it out but I'll give it a go anyway.

'To have' = to own something, to be holding something, to possess something etc. "I have a pen"

'Have to' = must, need to etc. "I have to go"

So don't think of the word 'have', think of the meaning behind it. Do you want to say that you 'have' or 'are holding' or 'possess' something? If so, then in Japanese you use words like 'arimasu', and 'motte iru'

Or are you trying to say that you 'must' do something? If so then you use '~nakereba narimasen' or '~nakucha ikemasen' (or the other ones that have been pointed out already).

Keep trying!

 

[Nicky]

I have a question, Can 「はず」be used to say "I have to do something"? Could I say 「ほんやに行くはずです。」and still mean "I have to go to the bookstore"?

 

[Mike Cash]

I have a question, Can 「はず」be used to say "I have to do something"? Could I say 「ほんやに行くはずです。」and still mean "I have to go to the bookstore"?

Functionally, depending on the situation....yes.

But it more closely matches up with "supposed to".

 

[Nicky]

Oh, Ok. Thanks.

 

[Mike Cash]

No problem.

I'm sure you can think up for yourself some situations in which "have to" and "supposed to" end up at the same place and some in which they don't. Just remember that it's a matter of expectations, desires, and intentions.

 

[Tomii515]

arimasu and motte iru: which is most commen? is there a spisific particle that has to come before them?

also, whats "aru'? is it always "ga aru."?


I noticed that "motte iru" has an "wo/o" before it. is it always like that?


what are the real meanings of the ending words...?
-------------------

are these right?:

I have (own) a/the chat room. = (boku wa) chatto ruumu ga aru. [or] (boku wa) chatto ruumu o motte iru.
---

I have to (must) go home. = i'm not sure...hwo would you say this...im thinkign:

uchi ga iku nakereba narimasen. (or the other ending)

 

[The7thSamurai]

arimasu and motte iru: which is most commen? is there a spisific particle that has to come before them?
also, whats "aru'? is it always "ga aru."?
I noticed that "motte iru" has an "wo/o" before it. is it always like that?
what are the real meanings of the ending words...?
-------------------
are these right?:
I have (own) a/the chat room. = (boku wa) chatto ruumu ga aru. [or] (boku wa) chatto ruumu o motte iru.
---
I have to (must) go home. = i'm not sure...hwo would you say this...im thinkign:
uchi ga iku nakereba narimasen. (or the other ending)

You're getting it Tomii! As far as I know it's always 'ga aru', but this might be different in more complex sentences. For now I think you're safe to remember 'ga aru'. 'Motte iru' is more along the lines of "I own" or "I am holding" or "I possess". So for, "I have a car" you'd say "kuruma wo/ga motte iru", but for "I have a cold" you'd say 'kaze ga aru'.

To say you "have to go home" you would use the verb 'kaeru', not 'iku'. You also change the last 'u' to an 'a', and because your house is a place you need to use either 'e' or 'ni'. So correctly it's 'uchi e/ni kaera nakereba narimasen'.

 

[Glenn]

Motteiru doesn't take ga.

You don't need uchi/ie, you can just say kaeranakereba narimasen.

 

[Tomii515]

どうも ありがとう。

 

[FinancialWar]

check your dictionary tommy, if your dictionary indicates that the verb is a vi, it is preceded by ga, if its vt, its preceded by wo.
it's a pretty complicated idea for a beginner and there are exceptions, but that's the general rule for the moment

 

[Mike Cash]

You're getting it Tomii! As far as I know it's always 'ga aru'...

そうじゃない場合もある。

 

[The7thSamurai]

そうじゃない場合もある。

That's why I said "but this might be different in more complex sentences." I can barely understand what you wrote just then, "there are also situations not like that"??

 

[Mike Cash]

That's why I said "but this might be different in more complex sentences." I can barely understand what you wrote just then, "there are also situations not like that"??

I didn't fail to see your disclaimer about more complex sentences. That's why I purposely gave the example in a very simple sentence. I thought the example was self-illustrative. (And you grokked it perfectly, congratulations).

 

[The7thSamurai]

(And you grokked it perfectly, congratulations).

Thanks. I'm getting more use to these Japanese style relative clauses.