To blather on about this, a slightly later and more crucial turning point for history was the russian-japanese war about ten years later (1905). The russians wanted a warm water port, and had "leased" Port Douglas (present day Dalian) from the Qing. The japanese were not only nervous about russian influence extending down into korea, they had their own territorial dreams (having beaten the chinese earlier, and gained taiwan).
It kind of surprised the world that japan won this war against russia (i.e. surprised the US). Had russia won, I think east asia in the 20th century--its history--would have run a very different course. Russia also had eyes on Manchuria and Korea, so imagine if early on Russia had controlled those places instead of japan! No japanese "invasion" of china, korea might now be bitching and making cute statues about russian oppression thru the teens, twenties, and thirties. With US support, the chinese nationalists might have been fighting russians instead of japanese.
And if japan's expansionism had been dealt a blow by defeat at the hands of russia, and then no 'annexation' of korea, no invasion of china, and maybe there would not have been US-Japanese tensions/worries building into and thru the 30s, eventually leading the US to embargo fuel exports to japan (and steel?), commonly seen as a 'trigger' for the attack on pearl harbor. So maybe no Pacific war, Korea would never have been split, no Korean war...
The Philippines, attacked almost the same day as pearl, might not have been, and might still be a US territory (if the US had been able to pacify/put down the independence movement there).
And without Pearl Harbor, the US's entry into the war in europe may have happened differently. And so on...
All because the Russians lost in 1905. Imagine that!