Kirakira1232
素敵な冒険始まる!
- 6 May 2008
- 472
- 16
研究も should be 研究にも小林氏は学生を指導するとともに、研究も力をいれてい る。
Professor Kobayashi guides students and at the same time strongly encourages research.
選ばれなくて代表に選ばなくてくやしいとともに、ほっとする気持ち もあった。
He regretted not being selected but at the same time he was relieved.
There is no difference.My question is what is the difference between につれて and とともにwhen it comes to expressing a change in two states?
economics = Japanese economy?チンさんは日本の経済だけではなく日本の文化に対して も、興味を持っている。
He is not just interested in economics but also has an interest towards Japanese culture.
検討する = to discuss, consider, etc.被害者に対する補償問題を検討する
Compensation will be directed towards victims.
Ok this one i dont really understand...the book says 一つの例を出す言い方。which I think means "How to express an important example" but I'm still not sure how to translate.
上野公園にはパンダをはじめ、子供たちに人気がある動 物がたくさんいます。
ご両親をはじめ、ご家族の皆様、おげんきでいらっしゃ いますか。
国会議員をはじめとする視察団が被災地をおとずれた。
以上です~(今は)
よろしくお願いします~。
Thanks guys
Only the first example can be replaced with 一緒に ? ( for a more colloquial sound). It is being used here as two subjects (speaker + family) sharing the same action (spending New Years together).~とともに。
As I understand this is the same as saying "issho ni" as well as saying expressing two states that are happening at the same time.
お正月は家族とともに過ごしたい
I want to pass new years together with my family
小林氏は学生を指導するとともに、研究も力をいれている。
Professor Kobayashi guides students and at the same time strongly encourages research.
代表に選ばなくてくやしいとともに、ほっとする気持ちもあった。
He regretted not being selected but at the same time he was relieved.
自動車が普及するとともに、交通事故も増えてきた。
As cars become more widespread, traffic accidents also increase.
と共に, as used here in the sense of 'as' or 'while,' I'm fairly sure can also be interchanged with に伴って and に従って to give a translation of "accompanied by" "at the same time as" or "consequently" "following" etc. Although probably と共に is most natural for everyday speech ??~につれて
This grammar pattern also expresses a change in two states that are happening at the same time..
品質がよくなるにつれて、値段が高くなる
As the quality increases, so does the price.
時代の変化につれて、結婚の形も変わってきた
As the times change, the types of marriage also come to change.
My question is what is the differents between につれて and とともにwhen it comes to expressing a change in two states?
In the example #2~4, ~とともに is more likely ~と同時に than ~と一緒に.~とともに。
As I understand this is the same as saying "issho ni" as well as saying expressing two states that are happening at the same time.
お正月は家族とともに過ごしたい
I want to pass new years together with my family
小林氏は学生を指導するとともに、研究も力をいれてい る。
Professor Kobayashi guides students and at the same time strongly encourages research.
代表に選ばなくてくやしいとともに、ほっとする気持ち もあった。
He regretted not being selected but at the same time he was relieved.
自動車が普及するとともに、交通事故も増えてきた。
As cars become more widespread, traffic accidents also increase.
The clauses/phrases both preceding and following ~につれて must be expressions to describe "chage," like as your examples "品質がよくなる - 値段が高くなる" or "時代の変化 - 変わってきた."My question is what is the difference between につれて and とともにwhen it comes to expressing a change in two states?
それ上に。。。The clauses/phrases both preceding and following ~につれて must be expressions to describe "chage," like as your examples "品質がよくなる - 値段が高くなる" or "時代の変化 - 変わってきた."
私自身も違いには自信がないので実例を見ていきます。~をはじめ、~をはじめとする。
Ok this one i dont really understand...the book says 一つの例を出す言い方。which I think means "How to express an important example" but I'm still not sure how to translate.
上野公園にはパンダをはじめ、子供たちに人気がある動物がたくさんいます。
ご両親をはじめ、ご家族の皆様、おげんきでいらっしゃいますか。
国会議員をはじめとする視察団が被災地をおとずれた。
Yeah, that might be more appropriate.小林氏は学生を指導していけばいくほど、研究との両立 の難しさも感じ始めている。 ??
変化 is not the stem of na-adjective but a (suru-verb) noun.時代の変化であればある、結婚の形も変わってきた (I don't think であればある is possible, though....with a noun ?? I assumed the grammar was similar to na-adj., but never really tried it that way before.
Ohhhh, what a convenient word ! That's great to refresh myself on about せい.Yeah, that might be more appropriate.
or
小林氏は、指導する学生が増えるにつれて、研究との両立の難しさも感じ始めている。
変化 is not the stem of na-adjective but a (suru-verb) noun.
○変化のせいで
×変化なせいで
(na-adjective; 静かなせいで、きれいなせいで)
○変化の度合い
×変化さの度合い
(na-adjective; 静かさの度合い、きれいさの度合い)
You can use につれて with nouns.
自動車の普及につれて、交通事故も増えてきた。
品質の向上につれて、値段が/も高くなる。(=品質が向上するにつれて)
Wmmm, they seem to have difference.I feel like I'm going around in circles today. とともに、に伴って、に従って etc. as well as つれて?
Ah, I see.I didn't mean, though, that "変化" was na-adj, just that nouns might work the same as, for example, 静か(変化)であればあるほど、 静か(変化)なら静か(変化)なほど...but obviously they don't. Nouns apparently don't work with the ば。。ほど structure at all.
~をもとに、~をもとにして
As I understand thise means something like "based on" or "upon" in english. The first one is attached to a verb whereas the second one attaches to an noun?
ファンの人気投票をもとに審査し、今年の歌のベストテンがきまります。
Upon examining the fans votes, this year's best ten (top ten?) songs will be decided.
ノンフィクションと言うのは事実をもとにして書かれたものです。
Nonfiction is something that was written based on facts.
Wow. I am surprised at 増加に従って、 に従って after a noun I thought wouldn't make sense here because it would be expressing something closer to "in accordance with" or "following the directions of." Implying the increase in accidents was non-spontaneous and perhaps even momentary or non-gradual such as here : 指導に従って犯罪行為をやめた. :?Wmmm, they seem to have difference.
○自動車の増加とともに事故が増え始めた。
○自動車の増加に伴って事故が増え始めた。
○自動車の増加につれて事故が増え始めた。
○自動車の増加に従って事故が増え始めた。
~を中心に(して)~中心として
This point I think serves to make the object the "central" point of the sentence. But what is the different between the two?
駅を中心にたくさんの商店が集まっている。
At the centre of the station, lots of shops have gathered.
地球は太陽を中心して回っている。
The earth centres around the sun.
21世紀の経済はアジアを中心として発展するでしょう。
For 21st Century economics, Asia is the centre of growth/development.
こんにちは!
日本語は上達するのに二級能力試験文法、語彙、漢字などを勉強していますけど、まぁね能力試験を受けるかどうかまだ分かりませんけど。とりあえず趣味として勉強しています。能力試験文法のために買った本は「完全マスター」と言う本で、日本語で内容は二百個ぐらい文法と説明も例文を書いてあって、その例文を翻訳しようとしています。そうすると分からない文法がありますよね。もしよかったら、僕の例文の翻訳と文法の理解をチェックしてもらえませんか。
日本語は上達するのに
買った(使っている)「完全マスター」という能力試験文法の勉強のための本には、日本語(で)の二百個ぐらい文法と説明も例文があります。??能力試験文法のために
Yeah, as for 増加, the verb 増加する would be more appropriate than the noun 増加.Wow. I am surprised at 増加に従って、 に従って after a noun I thought wouldn't make sense here because it would be expressing something closer to "in accordance with" or "following the directions of." Implying the increase in accidents was non-spontaneous and perhaps even momentary or non-gradual such as here : 指導に従って犯罪行為をやめた.
Yet another hard question..
One thing we certainly have to be aware of is that often ~をもとに and ~をもとにして can be used interchangeably for the same meaning or をもとに is used as a shortened from of をもとにして while it may not always be the case.
For the meaning of "をもとに", "based on" is probably close enough approximation.
But "をもと に して"...
ファンの人気投票をもとに(をもとにして)[/B']審査し、今年の歌のベストテンがきまります
Use of 「をもと に して」 sounds less direct than 「もとに」, like votes are not the only factor for deciding but just one of the things for consideration.
Let us consider「して」first.
して
1)こうして(first do this and then)、ああする。
2)昼寝して(first do this and then)、あそぶ。
3)勉強して(as result or by making use of the result)、結果を出す。
The use of "をもと に して is close to 3, doing something then, as result or by using the result do something.
Now 「する」.
材料にする。
栄養剤のもと(材料)にする。
(Note it is not like ingredients turn into a nutrition-supplemental drink by itself ).
What about "もとに"?
小麦粉をもとに(材料に)、パンを焼く
教訓ををもとに、人は学ぶ
Now して of 「をもと に して」 is used in the sense of
3)勉強して(as result or by making use of the result some action or other things)、結果を出す。
And 「して」or「する」 can be associated with deliberate and purposeful action.
栄養剤のもと(材料)にする。
(Note it is not like ingredients turn into a nutrition-supplemental drink by itself ).
From these we could deduce something like this:
人気投票を(をもとにして)[/B']審査し、決めます。
投票を(を材料にして)[/B']審査し、決めます。
(We won't not use this word like this but means the same).
But, of cause, we have to process or count votes in order to see the result, so we cannot quite say weather decision is made solely based on the number of votes or it involves some other factors. Yet, compared to "人気投票ををもとに審査し" sounds slightly less direct.
生物がモーターリフレクションをどのように脳に対する負荷の軽減や反応速度向上のために使っているか、についての研究をもとにしてこのロボットの重心制御システムは開発されました。
This is one example I think もとにして is more appropriate to be used than もとに, but もとに could still be used .
Again I cannot fully explain the difference because I cannot think of all the cases this [
をもとにして] could be used. I think the two are synonyms but it is also quite likely that I have overlooked something.
Anyway I believe that the key to understanding this sort of things would be a deeper understanding of suffix する and して, the same probably can be said to はじめ と する、because I assume that is how native Japanese speakers deduce the difference among these words in their leaning process.
I wonder if this isn't a summary discussion somehow masking finer-grained differences in kanji usage and meaning ? It would make sense, in that case, that する / してbecomes more common with the usage as (基) base, foundation character, to establish one of possibly several grounds or predicates for a given result, over "cause/reason," , "ingredients" (素) or origin, source (元) etc ?
The diverse meanings and usages of "--te" and uses of "suru/shite" is actually relatively clear. It was more the difference between the two (or more) "motos" that is so PAINFULLY nonobvious to a non-native speaker.>"する / して the usage as base(基) character to predicates for a given result, over 'cause/reason,'."
Um, that is a way to put it I guess, する often involves decision and して can involve resultant state or state after a decision or more simply put to indicate a cause/reason.
I am happy to speak with you
But then, て or して can be also used for a number of other purposes, like forming gerund form of verb, making request, expressing means of action, expressing simultaneity, and many more: Check dictionary of particles for the reset please, I am using "Dictionary of Japanese Particles" by Sue A. Kawashima.
>"する / して the usage as base(基) character to predicates for a given result, over 'cause/reason,'."
Um, that is a way to put it I guess, する often involves decision and して can involve resultant state or state after a decision or more simply put to indicate a cause/reason.
https://jref.com/forum/showpost.p...12&postcount=2
But then, て or して can be also used for a number of other purposes, like forming gerund form of verb, making request, expressing means of action, expressing simultaneity, and many more: Check dictionary of particles for the reset please, I am using "Dictionary of Japanese Particles" by Sue A. Kawashima.