Currently, candidates looking to enlist in the SDF have their applications rejected if they have tattoos. Sato feels there are two problems with this policy. Japan's low birth rate means that the country's population is shrinking and aging, leaving a smaller and smaller pool of citizens who are within the feasible age range for active SDF service. Further cutting down that candidate pool by dismissing applicants out of hand for having tattoos is only making the situation more difficult, Sato asserts. "Rejecting applicants for having tattoos presents a problem in terms of bolstering our number of enlisted personnel." At the same time, Sato holds that there's an increasing number of people in Japan who have tattoos but no connection to organized crime. "There are 'fashion tattoos,'" he explained, differentiating them from the more elaborate, quasi-ceremonial designs favored by yakuza members with examples such as "a small tattoo of a flower or someone's name."