In addition to Majestic-san's reply.
大府保衣賜銀為之 小島政道
大府保衣 would be the name of a person or class. It says he gave money for this (sword).
(Another possibility is that 保衣 is a miswriting of 褒, i.e., 大府褒賜銀為之, meaning "大府 gave money as a prize for this (sward)".)
元治元甲子之秋
The kanji after 元 are 甲子 Kinoe-ne, but the year is 1864, anyway.
I, too, think the kanji after 華 would be 古.