Japanese is literalled with kanji homophones, some more kun readings with very close meanings:
直す(naosu, fix)
治す(naosu, cure)
始める(hajimeru, to start)
初めて(hajimete, for the first time).
硬い, 堅い, and 固い (all proununced katai and mean "hard"). The latter being used most often for firm, solidified as in plans (日本へ来るプランは固まりましたか?)and the second as in giving a formal or stiff impression (「~~」の方がちよっと堅い言い方ですね。)
柔らかい and 軟らかい (both pronounced yawarakai and mean soft or pliable). Does anyone have a good way of distinguishing these ?