- 18 Jan 2005
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- #176
Farewell to "Ginkama" EF81: The Rugged, Shining Locomotive Beloved for Half a Century, Hauling Freight and Sleeper Trains for 3.12 Million Kilometers—Equivalent to 78 Trips Around the Earth
For half a century, it has hauled freight and sleeper trains, but it is now set to be replaced by a new model.
A Gleaming Locomotive Leading a Freight Train Through a Curve
Bathed in the golden light of the setting sun, the silver locomotive at the front of the freight train shines brilliantly.This is JR Freight's EF81 303, the last surviving unit of four locomotives built 51 years ago specifically for the Kanmon Tunnel. Designed to handle both the AC power in Kyushu and the DC power in Honshu, it once played a crucial role in pulling Blue Trains through the tunnel.
Its stainless-steel body, left unpainted, has made it a standout among locomotives, earning it the nickname "Ginkama" (Silver Kettle) among train enthusiasts.
A Veteran Engineer Reflects on 30 Years with "Ginkama"
Train driver Kenichi Yoshitake has been at the controls of "Ginkama" for nearly 30 years. Due to its age, operating it is more challenging compared to modern locomotives."Compared to the newer models, it's significantly less powerful. When approaching an incline, I have to build up speed in advance, just like a car would, to maintain the scheduled travel time between stations."
"The braking system is manual—it's called 'Jiben'—where both the locomotive and freight cars must be braked simultaneously. Since it uses analog gauges, I have to feel the effectiveness of the brakes with my back as I drive."
The Unique Features of "Ginkama"
Unlike most other locomotives, "Ginkama" has some distinct design elements."The body is reinforced with corrugated metal sheets to increase structural strength. Another unique feature is the jumper cables, which were essential when two locomotives were connected to climb the steep inclines of the Kanmon Tunnel, ensuring synchronized movement of the lead and trailing engines."
The use of stainless steel also has a specific purpose. Since the Kanmon Tunnel runs under the sea, seawater seeps through the tunnel's ceiling, making corrosion resistance a necessity.
"Saltwater constantly drips from the tunnel ceiling, causing damage to the locomotive's body. To counteract this, the 300-series locomotives were built with stainless steel exteriors."
A Singular, Rugged Design That Captivates Railway Fans
With the introduction of newer locomotives, "Ginkama" transitioned from the steep gradients of the Kanmon Tunnel to hauling freight on the Kagoshima and Nippo Lines in Kyushu. Its distinctive and rugged design has continued to attract railway enthusiasts, who gather at stations and along the tracks to catch a glimpse of the iconic locomotive."Children often wave enthusiastically from the trackside, and seeing that motivates me even more as a train driver."
For about 20 years, Takao Karashima has been responsible for maintaining "Ginkama."
"Its surface is always covered in fine dust—that's actually volcanic ash from Kagoshima. The bogies, which should be painted black, end up looking gray. The locomotive also sucks up this dust, which can cause malfunctions in its electrical components, making cleaning and maintenance quite a challenge."
A Sudden Crisis: The Threat of Retirement
In September 2024, "Ginkama" collided with a truck at a level crossing in Uki City, Kumamoto Prefecture. While there were no injuries, parts of the locomotive sustained damage.Given the difficulty of repairing stainless steel and the impending replacement with newer models, the retirement of "Ginkama" was seriously considered. However…
A heartfelt letter from a young fan changed everything:
"I want to say a proper goodbye, so please repair it and let it run again."
This was one of many letters sent by railway enthusiasts from across Japan, urging the revival of "Ginkama."
"With so many people hoping for its return, we couldn't afford to fail. We were determined to get it back on the main line."
To restore the damaged stainless-steel handrails, JR Freight searched for specialists nationwide and ultimately found a metalworking company in Hokkaido. Meanwhile, the damaged skirt was replaced using parts salvaged from retired locomotives.
"After extensive repairs, 'Ginkama' has finally made its comeback."
"I've worked on this locomotive for so long that, even though it's an old machine, I can't help but feel a deep attachment to it."
"I just want it to keep running safely until its final journey."
Farewell to "Ginkama"—Its Silver Legacy Lives On
Due to aging and operational changes, "Ginkama" will soon retire from regular service, making way for the latest electric locomotive, the EF510-300 series. However, its signature silver body will be carried forward."The silver color of EF81 303 is well-loved by the community, so we chose the same silver for the new EF510 model in hopes that it will continue to be cherished."
Over the years, "Ginkama" has traveled approximately 3.12 million kilometers—enough to circle the Earth 78 times—through repeated maintenance and component upgrades.
Veteran engineer Yoshitake reflects on his journey with the locomotive:
"If I had to say one thing, it would be: 'Thank you for your hard work.' This locomotive has taught me so much—how to operate freight trains, how to drive Blue Trains. The skills I have now, even as a trainer, are thanks to this machine."
For over half a century, "Ginkama" has carried the hopes and memories of drivers, mechanics, and railway fans alike.
Now, its legacy will live on in the next generation of locomotives.