質問

tanhql · 27 Jul 2006

皆さん、こんにちは。

1) how do you use 唯 to mean 'only'?
林檎を唯一個？唯林檎を一個？林檎唯を一個？
and when apple is not the topic, do you say:
唯一個の林檎？

2) how do you use だけ to mean 'just'? as in それはだけではありません. does だけ have to be used with では? what are the positive/negative and formal/informal forms of だけではありません? is だけではない the informal negative form?

3) can ～くん be used for female names?

4) should it be 俺に見える？ or 俺を見える？as i've heard the formal spoken on a japanese show. the translation is 'you can see me?'.

5) i know that negative ～下さい forms is formed by informal negative+で下さい, like 行かないで下さい. what about ～なさい forms? 待ちなさい is 'wait!' in command form. what is the negative form of it?

6) how do you use たくさん and 少し in sentences to express amount? and does たくさん have a kanji counterpart?

please don't use complicated japanese to explain. use hiragana and simple kanji.

more questions to come.

どうもありがとうございます。

undrentide · 27 Jul 2006

ｔａｎｈｑｌさん、こんにちは。

tanhql said:
1) how do you use 唯 to mean 'only'?
林檎を唯一個？唯林檎を一個？林檎唯を一個？
and when apple is not the topic, do you say:
唯一個の林檎？

There are several ways to express "only";
ただ（唯、只）
唯一
たった
～だけ
etc.
ただ is normally written in hiragana.

林檎をただ一個
is correct. You can also say
ただ一個の林檎を.

As far as "only" modify "one" (not apple), it should be always placed in front of "one" （一個）.

Alternative expressions are
林檎をたった一個、林檎をただひとつ、林檎をたったひとつ、林檎をひとつだけ
たったひとつの林檎を、ただひとつの林檎を、たった一個の林檎を、
just for example.

tanhql said:
2) how do you use だけ to mean 'just'? as in それはだけではありません. does だけ have to be used with では? what are the positive/negative and formal/informal forms of だけではありません? is だけではない the informal negative form?

No, だけ can be used on its own.
e.g.
林檎をひとつだけ食べました。
それだけではありません
means "not only that (but...)"

Yes,
それだけだ positive
それだけではない negative
それだけです positive (polite)
それだけではありません negative (polite)

tanhql said:
3) can ～くん be used for female names?

Yes, but only in a specific situation.
Sometimes a big boss calls employees with ～君（くん）.
Then he can call a female employee ～君, too.
But it sounds rather arrogant (though it depends on how important he is), and the female might get offended (again it depends on the situation).

tanhql said:
4) should it be 俺に見える？ or 俺を見える？as i've heard the formal spoken on a japanese show. the translation is 'you can see me?'.

Can you see me? is
俺が見える？

見える is intransive verb, it is more closer to "appear" or "show (oneself)" than "see".

俺に見える？
means "Can I see (something/someone)?"
俺を見える
is ungrammatical.

tanhql said:
5) i know that negative ～下さい forms is formed by informal negative+で下さい, like 行かないで下さい. what about ～なさい forms? 待ちなさい is 'wait!' in command form. what is the negative form of it?

行く
行きなさい positive
行かないでください negative

待つ
待ちなさい positive
待たないでください negative

tanhql said:
6) how do you use たくさん and 少し in sentences to express amount? and does たくさん have a kanji counterpart?

少しの／たくさんの林檎
少しの／たくさんの水
林檎を少し／たくさん買った
水を少し／たくさん飲んだ

Kanji for たくさん is 沢山.

tanhql · 27 Jul 2006

undrentide said:
ﾂ行窶堋ｭ
ﾂ行窶堋ｫ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋｢ positive
ﾂ行窶堋ｩ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堙??堋ｭ窶堋ｾ窶堋ｳ窶堋｢ negative

窶佚停?堙
窶佚停?堋ｿ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋｢ positive
窶佚停?堋ｽ窶堙遺?堋｢窶堙??堋ｭ窶堋ｾ窶堋ｳ窶堋｢ negative

i mean 'what is the negative form of 窶佚停?堋ｿ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋｢ or 窶｢ﾂｷ窶堋ｫ窶堙遺?堋ｳ窶堋｢ forms'.

undrentide · 27 Jul 2006

tanhql said:
i mean 'what is the negative form of 待ちなさい or 聞きなさい forms'.

Well, I really cannot think of it...maybe ～ない.

待て → 待つな
待ちなさい → 待たない
待ってください → 待たないでください

Schoolmarm may shout at disobedient pupils
「早くしなさい！そんなところでぐずぐずしない！」
「おしゃべりしない！」
etc.

JimmySeal · 27 Jul 2006

~ない can be used to tell pupils not to do things, but essentially, there is no negative version of ~なさい.

たくさん, like ただ, is usually written in hiragana, though they both have kanji.
リンゴ is usually written in katakana, not kanji.

undrentide · 27 Jul 2006

JimmySeal said:
~ない can be used to tell pupils not to do things, but essentially, there is no negative version of ~なさい.
たくさん, like ただ, is usually written in hiragana, though they both have kanji.

You're right. ～ない is only my poor attempt.
なさい was derived from polite form (keigo) なさる, its full form should be なさいませ and its negative form is なさいますな but both sound archaic.

Elizabeth · 28 Jul 2006

JimmySeal said:
~ない can be used to tell pupils not to do things, but essentially, there is no negative version of ~なさい.
たくさん, like ただ, is usually written in hiragana, though they both have kanji.
リンゴ is usually written in katakana, not kanji.

Really ? I think I usually see りんご in hiragana actually but it isn't an overwhelming difference and neither is a problem. それについて、気にする日本人は
ほとんどいないと思います。

Elizabeth · 28 Jul 2006

undrentide said:
You're right. ～ない is only my poor attempt.
なさい was derived from polite form (keigo) なさる, its full form should be なさいませ and its negative form is なさいますな but both sound archaic.

tanhql may have been asking for a command in the affirmative that could be interchangeable within a similar situation like 早くして！ Otherwise, it doesn't make sense in English either, the negative of a negative is normally positive.

nhk9 · 28 Jul 2006

undrentide said:
Well, I really cannot think of it...maybe ～ない.
待て → 待つな
待ちなさい → 待たない
待ってください → 待たないでください
Schoolmarm may shout at disobedient pupils
「早くしなさい！そんなところでぐずぐずしない！」
「おしゃべりしない！」
etc.

How about the following? From my years of watching Japanese drama, it seems like they should be:

待って → 待たないで！（quite feminine)
待ちなさい → 待つな (unisex, but chiefly male)
待ってください → 待たないでください

>俺を見える
>is ungrammatical.

Yeah you don't hear this very often, but on the other hand it seems like "ore wo mirareru" is totally acceptable.

Elizabeth · 28 Jul 2006

nhk9 said:
How about the following? From my years of watching Japanese drama, it seems like they should be:
待って → 待たないで！（quite feminine)
待ちなさい → 待つな (unisex, but chiefly male)
待ってください → 待たないでください
>俺を見える
>is ungrammatical.
Yeah you don't hear this very often, but on the other hand it seems like "ore wo mirareru" is totally acceptable.

Because Mieru is intransitive, right ? would explain that one....

undrentide · 28 Jul 2006

nhk9 said:
How about the following? From my years of watching Japanese drama, it seems like they should be:
待って → 待たないで！（quite feminine)
待ちなさい → 待つな (unisex, but chiefly male)
待ってください → 待たないでください

Yeah, 待つな sounds very mannish.
For me, 待つな is negative for 待て, though...

nhk9 said:
>俺を見える
>is ungrammatical.
Yeah you don't hear this very often, but on the other hand it seems like "ore wo mirareru" is totally acceptable.

Just out of curiosity, may I ask you in what context "ore wo mirareru" is used?
Because it does not make any sense to me, I wonder what it could mean, but perhaps I'm missing something...?

nhk9 · 28 Jul 2006

You need permission to see yourself, maybe. Say during the times when mirrors were just invented. Of course, you wouldn't say "I can see myself/ I will be able to see myself" often.

As for wo + potential, I have asked many sources before and have come to the conclusion that there are no significant differences from ga + potential. When you first started to learn Japanese, teachers might say you can't use "wo" with potential form, but in fact, it's just the opposite. Many essays have this kind of construction with wo + potential. On the other hand, you would hear ga + potential more often in hanashikotoba.

yamada · 22 Aug 2006

3) can ～くん be used for female names?

No.

質問

tanhql

日本語の学生

undrentide

Japa'n vagyok

tanhql

日本語の学生

undrentide

Japa'n vagyok

JimmySeal

Tubthumper

undrentide

Japa'n vagyok

Elizabeth

先輩

Elizabeth

先輩

nhk9

先輩

Elizabeth

先輩

undrentide

Japa'n vagyok

nhk9

先輩

yamada

先輩

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