くれ

[healer]

手を上げろ!
お金をくれ!

I came across the above the other day. And I couldn't work out what form of verb くれ is. I understand the imperatives of くれる is くれろ or くるよ or くれなさい. So what is the truncated くれ? Thanks!

 

[mdchachi]

It's a rude/crude command form
のめ！ (drink!)
しね！ (die! or f' off!)
etc.

 

[healer]

Thanks a lot! I am unable to find out how verbs of this rude and crude form is conjugated. Would you happen to be able to point me to some resources available on the Internet. Thanks again.

 

[Majestic]

This might be useful

「くれ」という命令形。「くれる」の命令形は「くれろ」のはずです。しかし共通語では「くれ」と言います。方言では「けろ」があります... - Yahoo!知恵袋

「くれ」という命令形。「くれる」の命令形は「くれろ」のはずです。しかし共通語では「くれ」と言います。方言では「けろ」があります。なぜ「くれ」になったんですか。 こんにちは。想像ですが、「くれろ」を短くして、「ろ」を省略したのが「くれ」という言い方で、「kurero」の「r」が落ち、更に「u」が落ちたのが「kero」という言い方ではないでしょうか。「くんろ」という言い方も聞きますが、「e」が落ちて「ku...

detail.chiebukuro.yahoo.co.jp

 

[healer]

This might be useful

Thanks! I was looking for resources in English. With my limited capabilities in Japanese language, the given text seems to be reverse-engineering how くれ comes about. No conjugation rule is set out at all.

 

[mdchachi]

There's a little info here: Meireikei
and here: Japanese verb conjugation - Wikipedia

 

[Toritoribe]

くれる【呉れる】 の解説
[補説]（2） 下一段活用であるが、命令形は「くれ」を用いるのが一般的。

goo

NTTドコモが運営するポータルサイト「goo」。今話題のニュースやドコモのキャンペーン、サービス紹介などお役立ちコンテンツを展開しています。

dictionary.goo.ne.jp

ただし、命令形はくれが標準的で、くれろは古い形である。

くれる - ウィクショナリー日本語版

ja.wiktionary.org

You can think くれ is an exception. As in the wiktionary page, くれろ is obsolete.
e.g.
名月を取ってくれろと泣く子かな by 小林一茶 in 1819

 

[healer]

Thanks for your help.

 

[healer]

There's a little info here: Meireikei

Thanks for your input too.

 

[healer]

You can think くれ is an exception.

It's only obsolete in direct speech, not in indirect speech in accordance with the example you gave, isn't it?

名月を取ってくれろと泣く子かな

This is indirect speech, isn't it?

 

[bentenmusume]

The point Toritoribe-san is making is that くれろ is obsolete in the modern language.

The relevant point in the example above is not that it's being used in "indirect speech", but that it's an example from over two hundred years ago.

くれろ is not in common use today, regardless of whether it's "direct" or "indirect" speech.

 

[Toritoribe]

It's only obsolete in direct speech, not in indirect speech in accordance with the example you gave, isn't it?

When I heard the Issa haiku for the first time, くれろ sounded rather strange to me, as if it's a rural dialect or something. It's so uncommon that much.

If くれろ is only obsolete in direct speech, but not in indirect speech, as you said, I would explain it instead of just saying "くれろ is obsolete". Don't you think so?

 

[healer]

Thanks for all the inputs.
What do the following terms mean? I've found them at くれるの意味 - goo国語辞書 as Toritoribe-san quoted above. Thanks!
［動ラ下一］［ラ下二］

 

[Toritoribe]

［動ラ下一］: 動詞 ラ行下一段活用
［ラ下二］: ラ行下二段活用

As you might already know, ［文］ means 文語, i.e., classical Japanese, and く・る means it's the classical form of くれる. (Incidentally, "・" between く and る shows that く is the stem of the verb.) Thus, ラ行下二段活用 is the conjugation type of the classical verb くる.

 

[healer]

Thanks

 

[healer]

Thanks a lot for your help! I did manage to guess 下一 and 下二, but I wasn't sure about 動ラ. Thanks for your clarification.

I vaguely remember ages ago when I started to learn Japanese from reading books written in Chinese from Taiwan. There were 上二段活用，下二段活用 and 四段活用. For some reason when I started to pick up where I left off from books written in English recently I can only see verbs classifies in ichidan and godan. The same I can see in Japanese-English dictionaries these days. I believe they all refer to the same verbs we are learning. I'm curious to know why was the change if you don't mind. Thanks!