You have many things to learn

Austin M Lan · 31 Aug 2012

Hello everyone;

My name is Austin. I have lived in Japan for 4 years as an English teacher. This year I have been given more freedom to teach in class and explain the grammar points. Currently I am teaching the type of sentence above using infinitive verbs. I have run into problems because my japanese ability is good but not this good. so...

Whats the difference between:
～するために
～するための
～すること
～ための～
～べき～

Thanks for your time;
Austin

Toritoribe · 1 Sep 2012

ために is the adverbial form, whereas ための and べき are the adjectival/attributive form. Thus, the first one is used for modifying a verb or an adjective, whereas the second, fourth and the last is for modifying a noun.
すること has so many usages. Which one are you referring to?

Austin M Lan · 11 Sep 2012

You have so much to learn, still.

Toritoribe said:
ために is the adverbial form, whereas ための and べき are the adjectival/attributive form. Thus, the first one is used for modifying a verb or an adjective, whereas the second, fourth and the last is for modifying a noun.
すること has so many usages. Which one are you referring to?

So, if I may be so bold I will try to make a few examples in Japanese. Please tell me if my Japanese and usage is correct.

"You have many things to learn." = あなたはたくさんまなび（ための・べき）ことあります。
"you have a lot of chores to do." = あなたはたくさんＣＨＯＲＥＳためにことあります。

As for the "～すること～" I am unsure of the particular usage in this kind of sentence. There were no examples to go off of in the textbook.
Thank you so much for your help!

Mike Cash · 11 Sep 2012

The forms you're asking about are all useful, but you may find your feet on firmer ground if you make use of the ～なくてはならない form:

あなたは学ばなくてはならないことが沢山あります。

寝る前にしなくてはならない宿題が沢山あります。

医者になるのに勉強しなくてはならないことが沢山あります。

Etc. etc. etc.

Toritoribe · 12 Sep 2012

Austin M Lan said:
So, if I may be so bold I will try to make a few examples in Japanese. Please tell me if my Japanese and usage is correct.

"You have many things to learn." = あなたはたくさんまなび（ための・べき）ことあります。

"you have a lot of chores to do." = あなたはたくさんＣＨＯＲＥＳためにことあります。

あなたにはたくさん（の）まなぶべきことがあります。

Both ため and べき are attached to the dictionary form of a verb, i.e., it should be まなぶため/まなぶべき. Farther, ため and べき are different in meaning. まなぶためのもの means thing(s)/material(s) for learning, whereas まなぶべきもの is thing(s) you should learn.

"Chore(s)" is a noun in your example sentence, so ための is used there. ために is for, for instance, "You have to talk to Japanese people to learn Japanese (日本語を学ぶために日本人と話さなければならない)". In this sentence, 学ぶために modifies 話す.

You have many things to learn

Austin M Lan

後輩

Toritoribe

松葉解禁

Austin M Lan

後輩

Mike Cash

骨も命も皆此の土地に埋めよう

Toritoribe

松葉解禁

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