I was doing some research in hyperdia to see the prices and times...
It appears there something about reserved seats in shinkansen. What it means?
What's the difference between fare and charge?
Thanks!
Charge fare=>unreserved seat
Route to use=>Uncheck all items if you plan to take only local trains
7-day JR Pass
28,300JPY
Alternatives
Seishun 18(Seishun ju-hachi kippu)
December 10th - January 20th
11,500
Seishun 18 | Fares & Passes | JR-EAST
If you friend is living in Japan and is willing to make a reservation for Moonlight Nagara, a night train, it might be your choice. The train is comfortable, but very popular, so you need to make a reservation 1 month before your trip. Kindly ask him/her to do it now.
But in case you cannot make the reservation...
1. it is technically possible travel between Tokyo and Kyoto (Osaka)
2. It takes more than 8 hours
3. You can come back to Tokyo at the same day when you leave Kyoto around 15 p.m. (actually I had done it)
4. You don't have to be a train timetable Otaku like Alan Greenspan, but you need to be well-prepared for your seishun journey.
5. Local train service is punctual and safe, but a constant vibration of trains, esp., for your long journey, may make you hungry.
Bus
Maybe you can find other sites. I have little knowledge about the night bus service in Japan, so take your own risk.