The National Institute of Population and Social Security Research estimates that Japan's population will shrink to 63 million, about half the current level, in 2100 and that people aged 65 or older will account for about 40 percent of that. [...] To stabilize the population at 80 million, the total fertility rate, or the number of children a woman is expected to give birth to during her lifetime, should be boosted to the replacement level of 2.07 in 2060, up from 1.26 in 2022, according to the group. If the goal is achieved, the ratio of elderly people would be limited to 30 percent of the population in 2100, and the proportion of foreigners would be 10 percent. The group said Japan can maintain an economic growth rate of 0.9 percent between 2050 and 2100 if the government takes additional measures to strengthen Japan's resilience, such as improving corporate productivity.