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tanhql

日本語の学生
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are the sentences below constructed well?

1) 一年生に日本語を教えてくれている先生
the teacher teaching the first years japanese

2)彼は名前がアメリカ人のようですが、アメリカ人ですか。
his name looks like a american's, so is he an american?

3) 昨日学校に来るはず。でも病気に成ってしまった。
i was supposed to come to school yesterday, but i fell sick.

4) 日本に行きたがる。でもお金はない。
i want to go to japan (crazy about going to japan), but i have no money.

5) このレストランが美味しい。でも高すぎる。
this restaurant's food is delicious, but it's too expensive.

what's the difference between 全て and 全部?

how do you say compound verbs like 'forgot to eat', 'willing to do', all the '~ to ~' etc? does it follow the ~に 行く/来る/使う or the ~始める/終わる rule?

and i'm a bit confused about this. can someone explain this, specifically the transitive/intransitive verbs?

the only words i know to modify the 'intensity' (very ~, a bit ~, not really ~ etc) of adjectives are とても, 少し, あまり, 全然, ちょっと and 過ぎる. are there any other words?

どうもありがとうございます
 
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Konnichiwa tanhql-san!

3) 昨日学校に来るはず。でも病気に成ってしまった。
i was supposed to come to school yesterday, but i fell sick.
Click to expand...
昨日は学校に来るはずだったが、病気になってしまった 。

4) 日本に行きたがる。でもお金はない。
i want to go to japan (crazy about going to japan), but i have no money.
Click to expand...
日本に行きたいが、金がない。

5) このレストランが美味しい。でも高すぎる。
this restaurant's food is delicious, but it's too expensive.
Click to expand...
このレストランは美味しいが、高すぎる。

what's the difference between 全て and 全部?
Click to expand...

II think "全て" and "全部" has the same meaning. But "全て" is more refined than "全部", maybe.

NANGI
 
what's the difference between 全て and 全部?
Click to expand...
I don't know of any hard and fast rule although there are times you can only use one or the other....In other words, it's a case by case problem.
Do you have an example ?

どういう風に言うかはその文法、文章で判断することが 基本ですね。
 
I need to have でも in the sentences.


can 全部 replace 全て in the examples below?
(以下の例に、「全部」を「全て」に替えられますか。 translation correct?)

仕事は全て終わった
全てをはっきりさせる
全てが破壊させた
 
Last edited:
I always though of 全部 to mean "all of (one thing)" or "whole (one thing)"
and 全て to mean "everything (under the sun)"

example
彼は私の食物のすべてを食べました。 He ate all of my food.
彼は全部のケーキを食べました。 He ate the whole cake!

in these cases is 全部 and 全て interchangeable?
 
i wonder how you guys read the kanjis.
I must put my eyes close to the monitor in order to be able to recognize the kanjis.
It is absolutly bad for the eyes.
and how do you read this 全部 ?


彼は私の食物のすべてを食べました
can u also use zenbu in this sentence to replace subete wo ?
 
全部はぜんぶ（zenbu）です。なんで、ポストするのように、もっと文字が必要だ！
 
owwww, now it's all clear.
i didn't know that 全部 = ぜんぶ
thx.
 
Ok, lets not digress from my questions. can anybody answer all of them? sentences 3-5 need to have a でも in them.
 
If you want to make sentences with でも, the structure of the sentences you made basically look OK. Just need some modifications on some points, though.


3) 昨日学校に来るはず。でも病気に成ってしまった。
i was supposed to come to school yesterday, but i fell sick.
Click to expand...

昨日学校に来るはずだった。でも、病気になってしまった。
The first sentence need to be made into past by adding だった.
To say ～になる, it is not incorrect to use 成る but normally it is written with hiragana.
Alternative expression for be supposed to: ことになっている
昨日学校に来ることになっていた。

4) 日本に行きたがる。でもお金はない。
i want to go to japan (crazy about going to japan), but i have no money.
Click to expand...

～たがる is normally used to describe the 3rd person (though there are some exceptions). For oneself, you should use ～たい.
Also, が is better than は in the 2nd sentence because what you want to say most is not ない but お金. When you say お金はない, one feels like that though you don't have money, you might have something else.

日本に行きたい。でもお金がない。

5) このレストランが美味しい。でも高すぎる。
this restaurant's food is delicious, but it's too expensive.
Click to expand...

が is used for emphasis - in your sentence, it means "It is this restaurant whose food is delicious" (focus is on "this particular restaurant" not "(it's food is) delicious"). To make a generic statement, は should be used as a topic marker.

このレストランは美味しい。でも高すぎる。
 
ありがとう、undrentideさん。誰かほかの質問を答えて くれませんか？
 
1) 一年生に日本語を教えてくれている先生
the teacher teaching the first years japanese
Click to expand...

くれる is used when you're on the receiving end (normally receiving favour).
If you are the first year student (or family/relative belonging the same group/side of the students) the above is OK.
If not, then it should be:
一年生に日本語を教えている先生

2)彼は名前がアメリカ人のようですが、アメリカ人です か。
his name looks like a american's, so is he an american?
Click to expand...

This sentence is very good.
I might say
名前がアメリカ人のようですが、彼はアメリカ人ですか 。

Alternative expression is
彼の名前はアメリカ人のようですが
but this sounds like a direct translation from English, your sentence is better.
 
I would say only the first one is completely naturally interchangeable, but whether it is a mistake with the other two I'm not sure...perhaps not.
 
誰か以上の質問を答えてくれませんか。

i need definite answers.
 
Alright, then, I am sure of my earlier response. Both 全部、全て can translate as "all" but 全て is also closer to the English uses of "everything" or "wholly."


仕事は全て終わった
置き換えられます。

この以下の分は、置き換えても間違いではないけれど「全て」の方が自然だと思います。

全てをはっきりさせる
全てが破壊させた（全てを破壊させた？）
 
Elizabeth said:
全てが破壊させた（全てを破壊させた？）
Click to expand...
meaning 'everything/all has been destroyed'.

so for 全部 to be used 'naturally', it has to have a specific object to act on, in the case of my examples, 仕事? whereas 全て is the general 'all'?
 
tanhql said:
so for 全部 to be used 'naturally', it has to have a specific object to act on, in the case of my examples, 仕事? whereas 全て is the general 'all'?
Click to expand...

Both mean "all", and 全部 and 全て are usually interchangeable, however, 全部 could sounds a bit childish depending on the context. 全部 sounds more colloquial compared with 全て. (But again, it really depends on the context.)

tanhql said:
meaning 'everything/all has been destroyed'.
Click to expand...

Then it should read 全てが破壊された.
される means passive while させる means to let, to allow.
 
undrentide said:
される means passive while させる means to let, to allow.
Click to expand...
oops! i typed too fast.


and that leaves
also, how do you use いう in sentences and questions (not 'to say', but all other uses, like 'meaning ...' etc)? if possible, give me the full range of uses and examples.
 
、「全部 」「全て 」の使い方で Everything (Polished, sophisticated) と、All (Blunt & conversational) の違いに似ていますよね。
 
Hehe....Hontou ? くれる has sufficient 尊敬の意 for a teacher ? I would have said "Oshiete morau," "Oshiete itadaku"....but I don't know current usages well. The language is a changin' desune...
 
Elizabeth said:
Hehe....Hontou ? くれる has sufficient 尊敬の意 for a teacher ? I would have said "Oshiete morau," "Oshiete itadaku"....but I don't know current usages well. The language is a changin' desune...
Click to expand...

I did not say it is keigo or respect, I think?
I simply said that くれる is used when you are receiving favour, which I believe is different from respect...?!

もらう is seeing it from different end but meaning is almost the same.
先生が教えてくれる
先生に教えてもらう

先生に教えていただく indeed keigo, but when 先生 is subject, you cannot use いただく and should use くださる instead.
 
Can anyone answer the remaining questions:

how do you say 'compound verbs' like 'forgot to eat', 'willing to do', all the '~ to ~' etc? does it follow the ~に 行く/来る/使う or the ~始める/終わる rule?

and i'm a bit confused about this. can someone explain this, specifically the transitive/intransitive verbs?

the only words i know to modify the 'intensity' (very ~, a bit ~, not really ~ etc) of adjectives are とても, 少し, あまり, 全然, ちょっと and 過ぎる. are there any other words? also, how do you say 'why is he walking so slowly'?

how do you use いう in sentences and questions (not 'to say', but all other uses, like 'meaning ...' etc)? i only know どう言う意味, と言う事, 頼子と言う先生 etc. are there any other uses? can you tell me what exactly どう言う意味 and と言う事 mean, and how to 'play' around with them (how to use in sentences/questions and with other words). also i've heard from a line in a lyric:
勇気と言う名の魔法を持っている
why is there an additional 名の?

スピーチをすると必ずと言うほどあがってしまう。
what does 言う mean in the above sentence?


どうもあ りがとうございます
 
tanhql said:
how do you say 'compound verbs' like 'forgot to eat', 'willing to do', all the '~ to ~' etc? does it follow the ~に 行く/来る/使う or the ~始める/終わる rule?
Click to expand...

No, it's different, and the rule varies depending on the verb/expression.

「～に」行く・来る is to express the purpose (similar to "in order to ~") to go/come (I don't think this really is "compound" though.)
e.g.
食べに・行く （＝食べるために行く）
勉強しに・来る（＝勉強するために来る）
遊びに・行く（＝遊ぶために行く）
言いに来る（＝言うために来る）

I don't think you can use 使う in the same manner as 行く・来る。
When saying ～に使う ～ part is noun, not verb.

～始める・終わる is more like compound.
咲く＋始める＝咲き始める (it can be regarded as one word)
読む＋終わる＝読み終わる

There are two ways to say forget to ~
(1) same as 始める・終わる
食べる＋忘れる＝食べ忘れる
取る＋忘れる＝取り忘れる
Another verb I can think of which you can use like this: 損ねる (fail to ~)
食べる＋損ねる＝食べ損ねる
取る＋損ねる＝取り損ねる
(2) making a clause with nominalized verb
食べる＋忘れる＝食べるのを忘れる、食べることを忘れ る
取る＊忘れる＝取るのを忘れる、取ることを忘れる

(1) is not always valid, while (2) can be used for almost all verbs.


tanhql said:
he only words i know to modify the 'intensity' (very ~, a bit ~, not really ~ etc) of adjectives are とても, 少し, あまり, 全然, ちょっと and 過ぎる. are there any other words?
Click to expand...

非常に、すごく、ものすごく、ひどく、恐ろしく、かな り、
少々、わずかに、ほとんど（～ない）、ちっとも、
just for example.

tanhql said:
also, how do you say 'why is he walking so slowly'?
Click to expand...

そんなに、あんなに。
どうして彼はあんなにゆっくり歩いているの？
どうして君はそんなにゆっくり歩いているの？


～という（と言う） is to quote something.
e.g.
Ａということ the thing that is "A"
Ａという先生 teacher called "A"
Ａという名の魔法 magic named "A" (or whose name is "A")
You can also say という魔法

どういう can be translated how or what.
どういう意味？ What do you mean? What does it mean?
(意味 hear could mean either 1. meaning 2. intention)

必ずと言うほど、必ずと言っていいほど・・・
to the degree (frequency, in this context) that you can say (it) always (happens)....
 
Ahh, yes. くださる is the honorific form of くれる. I only know that the way a teacher teaching is normally presented that I was familiar with, in texts and such, is with 教えてもらう。 That was my only surprise, undrentide-san. I didn't mean to imply anything underhanded about your translation of "receiving a favor."

Still as a polite form for asking if a teacher could do something for you as a student or join in an activity, etc. いただく

For instance : May I please borrow this ? これを貸していただけませんか？shows good 尊敬 ？ Grrr....I realize now why I keep avoiding memorizing long pages of keigo lists and rules I never get the chance to use.

上の人に気を使うのは疲れますよね。
 
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I
Indeed keigo is very confusing, even for the natives!
くれる ─ くださる honorific for the person you're talking about
もらう ─ いただく humbling yourself to lower than the person you're talking about.

先生が（私たちに）教えてくれる・くださる
（私たちに）教えてくれている先生・教えてくださって いる先生
or
（私たちが）先生に教えてもらう・教えていただく
（私たちが）教えてもらっている先生・教えていただい ている先生

Yes, you can say 貸していただけませんか？ instead of 貸してもらえませんか？, that will sound much politer.
 
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