Nado and Toka

[drewa]

I'm currently trying to learn how to use Nado and Toka. I know that they both mean "etc." right? Or "and so on"?
And I think I can use Nado but not Toka. However there are some example sentences with Nado that I don't really get.

So I'll start off with Nado.
I use it like this right?
彼はリンゴやモモなどを買ったです。
He bought things such as apples and peaches. (He bought more but it isn't being stated.)

And here are the example sentences. I got them from Japanese Pod101:
1)女の子へのプレゼントにはめいぐるみなどが人気です。
Stuffed animals and other stuff like that are popular presents for girls.
Now, what I do not understand here is, what does that への after 女の子 mean??

2)魚にはサンマなど、たくさんのしゅるいがある。
There's so many different kinds of fish, like pike, to name just one.
Is this more like "Such as pike, there are many types of fish."?

3)雨や風などの被害がでています。
There has been some damage from wind, rain, etc.
Actually I understand the usage of Nado here. That や connects the nouns yes?

Thanks in advance, this is one of my longer posts.
As for Toka, that has the same function as Nado or Ya.

These examples are from elsewhere.
「とか」 also has the same meaning as 「や」 but is a slightly more colloquial expression.
（１） 飲み物とかカップとかナプキンは、いらない？- You don't need (things like) drink, cup, or napkin, etc.?
（２） 靴とかシャツを買う。- Buy (things like) shoes and shirt, etc...

So Toka is simply more for conversational Japanese as opposed to Nado and Ya?


And one last thing!
I read that Toka can be used for if you ehard some info so if you know about that please share
Thanks for your time!

 

[Toritoribe]

彼はリンゴやモモなどを買ったです。

The use of など is correct, but the polite past form of 買う is 買いました.

1)
へ indicates the recipient of the gift. 女の子のプレゼント can mean that a girl is the giver, but 女の子へのプレゼント doesn't have this ambiguity.

2)
Yes

So Toka is simply more for conversational Japanese as opposed to Nado and Ya?

Basically, yes.

I read that Toka can be used for if you ehard some info so if you know about that please share

Examples?

 

[drewa]

These are the examples of Toka being used as "I heard~"

お嬢さんが結婚なさったとか。おめでとうございます。
I heard you got married. Congratulations.

Ｇ銀行は経営が危なくなっているとか。預けた金は大丈 夫だろうか。
It seems that the management at Bank G is in trouble. I wonder if the money deposited there is safe.

彼は大金持ちだとか。うらやましいなあ。
It seems that he's a wealthy man. I envy him.

田中さんの犬がおじさんを噛んだとか。
I heard Mr. Tanaka's dog bit an old man.

Once again thanks in advance ^^

 

[Toritoribe]

I see. Yeah, とか exactly means "I heard~" in those examples. とか originally has a nuance of "uncertain", so it's more close to "I heard something like~", though. (Even when you certainly know about it, this expression is used as a sort of humble expression to soften the impression.)

 

[drewa]

Ahhh I see, thank you so much for your help!
And about the 買ったです and 買いました, can't I also use 買ったです for I guess informal speech?
Cause I think I have seen/heard it used occasionally so yeah

 

[Toritoribe]

Isn't it 買ったんです? 買ったです works only in a specific context or dialectal expression.

 

[drewa]

Woah! Really? haha
I really did not know that. Thanks for the help