Kobe's population declined after peaking at 1.545 million in 2011. It was surpassed by Fukuoka in 2015 and Kawasaki in 2019. The 2020 national census ranked Kobe's population seventh among the 20 government ordinance-designated cities. The Kobe city government said a notable population decline was seen in the large-scale "new towns" it developed in suburban areas, including Kita and Nishi wards, during the high economic growth of the 1960s and subsequent years. The number of residents there fell by 29,000 in the past five years from 515,000 in 2015.