1)
動詞ラ行下二段活用
2)
That's right. It's a sentence final particle for calling.
3)
The former. It's Snape's first action.
4)
It's possible to interpret it as "plural", but 女子スリザリン生たち would be more common for the case.
5)
The speaker. He says thanks for your taking care of my brother.