The translation of "not since~" is correct, but 1) "to be caught" is passive, 2) I wouldn't use 白昼堂々 for "right in front of the teacher", 3) は rules the whole sentence, so if you use it after 三谷くん, 三谷くん is also interpreted as the subject of 見たことはない, 4) it doesn't have the meaning "in a student".
In conclusion, your translation means "Not since Mitsuya-kun caught someone using a cheat sheet in broad daylight, has he(= Mitsuya-kun) seen such audacity (in people in general)."
(Just for clarification, the subject of "using a cheat sheet" is Mitsuya-kun, not "someone". "A cheat sheet" is the means he used.)