Within the LDP, rigid limits face strong resistance, fueled by pressure from the business community and rural areas grappling with severe labor shortages. The semantic tug-of-war policy language reflects this internal conflict, with one Ishin source warning, "We should at least establish a policy of quantitative containment" to prevent future reversals. The debate's urgency is underscored by demographic shifts. Japan's population shrank by 470,000 last year to 122.98 million, while its foreign population grew by 420,000 to 3.9 million, or 3.2 percent of the total, according to internal affairs ministry data.