The exact origins of this enormous statue of Buddha are, appropriately enough, rather mysterious. A wooden version purportedly precedes the bronze casting, which was completed in 1252. It remains Kamakura's most important, and therefore crowded, tourist site. The story behind the Great Buddha is as compelling as the statue itself. A large temple protected it from the elements until 1495, when a tsunami swept over Kamakura. When the waters receded, the temple was gone, but the Great Buddha remained.
Cast in bronze and weighing close to 850 tons, the Daibutsu is just over eleven meters tall. The latest repairs were completed in 1960, strengthening the neck and making it possible for the Buddha's body to move freely on the base to prevent damaging shock to the statue in the event of an earthquake. For 20 Yen (about 20 cents) visitors can ascend the narrow stairs and climb inside and marvel at this miraculous construction.
Source:
http://www.sushicam.com/Journal entries/000708.htm