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few questions

Kama

Okama XD
Joined
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1. what are the rules of interpunction?
2. what is the difference between fuutsu and fuudan?
 
In normal writing, there are no spaces between words or sentences, and the most common punctuation are commas and periods, but there are other forms of punctuation, and stricter guidelines for more formal writing like letters and using genkouyoushi.

普通 futsuu: normal

普段 fudan: ordinarily, always
 
Mhm, and when do you use commas? are there any rules?
 
when do you use commas in English? Try writing some sentences, punctuation in Japanese is a bit more scarce than English but it comes pretty naturally.
 
Actually, English isn't my native language, and I wasn't always paying attention to the interpunction there. In Polish, we use a lot of commas and "-" too.
 
'answer"

is there any difference between 返事 and 答え?What is more often used?
 
There is a difference in meaning between those two words.

返事: a reply or response (reply to a letter, response to someone calling your name, etc.)

答え: an answer to a question
 
1. what are the rules of interpunction?
2. what is the difference between fuutsu and fuudan?
These are the definitions directly from goo. But I think they are more interchangable than you can tell here. Such a difficult question, even for natives !


普段(不断)

(名・形動)[文]ナリ
(1)絶えないこと。いつまでも続くこと。また、そのさま。
「―の努力」「掘ぬきの水が―に流れてゐた/黴(秋声)」
(2)決断力がない・こと(さま)。
「優柔―」
1 (名)
〔現代では多く「普段」と当てて書かれる〕いつもその状態であること。日頃。副詞的にも用いる。
「人間は―が大切だ」「―心掛けている健康法」


普通

(名・形動)[文]ナリ
(1)いつでもどこにでもあって、めずらしくない・こと(さま)。
「日本に―の鳥」
(2)ほかとくらべて特に変わらない・こと(さま)。
「ごく―の家庭に育つ」「―ならもう卒業している」
(3)特別ではなく、一般的である・こと(さま)。
「―高校」
 
masaegu, Elizabeth, thank you for your explanation. ^.^

Ah, then what about "translation"? There is 訳す and 通訳する, right? Any differences between them? Any other "translation" words?
 
Careful! 通訳 is interpretation, not translation. Translation would be 翻訳.
 
Other translation words: 英訳する 和訳する

they mean to translate into english and japanese respectively. I don't know if there are ones for other languages, but 漢訳する also seems to work, so maybe there are others....
 
Careful! 通訳 is interpretation, not translation. Translation would be 翻訳.

Interpretation is actually 解釈。 It is used for things like interpreting the meaning of a novel, dream, etc.

翻訳 is like for translating books and stuff. 通訳 is like when there is a person who can't speak Japanese and one who can't speak English, and you translate what each other says for them so they can understand each other.

通訳 - translating words (stuff people say)

翻訳 - translating sentence (like books)

解釈 - interpret dream

通訳 and 翻訳 have similar meanings, but 解釈 is totally different.
 
翻訳 is like for translating books and stuff. 通訳 is like when there is a person who can't speak Japanese and one who can't speak English, and you translate what each other says for them so they can understand each other.
This is also called interpreting. That's why the people who do this are more often called interpreters than translators.
 
Ok, so I have another questions. I wonder if I wrote these sentences correctly.

子供はいつもいきいきですね。Kids are always full of life.

彼氏と旅行に行ってから、うきうきです。 I am excited (happy) that I go with my boyfriend on a trip.

仕事で一日働いたから、へとへとです。 I am exhausted cause I worked for the whole day.

How should I say: Even though I graduated from univeristy, i'm still confused what work I'd like to have. (or something in this sense)


Oh yes, and I wanted to ask how you say the "+" "-" "*" "/" and "=".

Like 1 + 3 = 4
2*7 = 14
3/1 = 3
6 - 5 = 1

And also, how to say: the temperature is -5, or 5 degrees Celcius or around 0 degrees Celcius.
 
子供はいつもいきいきですね。Kids are always full of life.
いきいきして(い)ますね sounds more natural.

How should I say: Even though I graduated from univeristy, i'm still confused what work I'd like to have. (or something in this sense)
大学は卒業したけど、どんな仕事がしたいのかまだわか らない/迷っている。

and I wanted to ask how you say the "+" "-" "*" "/" and "=".
1 + 3 = 4
いち 足す(たす) さん は よん

2 × 7 = 14
に かける なな は じゅうよん/じゅうし

3 ÷ 1 = 3
さん 割る いち は さん

6 - 5 = 1
ろく 引く ご は いち

And also, how to say: the temperature is -5, or 5 degrees Celcius or around 0 degrees Celcius.
-5℃
マイナス5度(ごど)/氷点下5度(ひょうてんかごど)

5℃
5度(ごど)

hope this helps
 
Yes, that's very helpful.
 
いきいきして(い)ますね sounds more natural.
よく、同じ意味だけど、「する、して(い)る」より、 「です。」の方が丁寧語ですよね。 でも、ちょっと違 う感じがする場合が多いでしょうね。状況と話す相手に もよります。。。
その場合は、生きいき(だ・です)という表現はないじ ゃないかな。。。聞いたことがないですからね。
彼氏と旅行に行ってから、うきうきです。 I am excited (happy) that I go with my boyfriend on a trip.
It's difficult with this English translation to distinguish : You are happy to have gone ? Or happy you will go ? Happy you are going ? It reads like you've already been and come home but this is a verification only. Sorry for the interruption. Understanding your overall English is no problem.


仕事で一日働いたから、へとへとです。 I am exhausted cause I worked for the whole day.
Consider 一日中 all day (long) or まる一日 ?? as more emphatic expressions of emotion .
一日 is simply or literally "one day."
 
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○いきいきする
○いきいき(と)している人
×いきいきだ
×いきいきな人

×へとへとする
×へとへとしている人
○へとへとだ
○へとへとな体
○へとへとの体

つまり、同じくり返しの擬態語でも「いきいき」は名詞/サ変動詞に近くて「へとへと」はナ形容詞に近いという感じですね。
「うきうき」は「いきいき」と同じく (「うきうきする」が使えるので)名詞に近いですが、「心がうきうきです」も使えるからそんなに厳密なものではないんでしょうけどね。耳に馴染むかどうか、程度の違いかもしれませんね。
 
ありがとうございます。ちょっと難しいなあ。。。でも、わかったと思います。

さて、次の話題に移ろう。(にかかりましょう?)
「あきあき」です。 「する、している」とか、「です、だ」とか どちらも正しいし、意味も同じなのであまり、気にする必要はないですね。そういうような言い方が大好きですよね。



ところで、以下は 二年ぐらい前に、「あきあきします」などと「あきあきです」の違いについて、してもらった説明です。 これをどう思いますか?

ななとなく、「あきあきする」は自分で愚痴っているようなイメージで「あきあきです。」はもっと相手に訴えているような感じもします。
 
Elizabeth, I am excited that I will go with my boyfriend on a trip. Future. Why does it sounds like I already been there?

Can you sumarrise what did you two write in Japanese?
 
Elizabeth, I am excited that I will go with my boyfriend on a trip. Future. Why does it sounds like I already been there?
その場合は、 [XXX ってから ] の パターン は 過去の動作を 指すでしょう。


If it doesn't make sense, I understand your confusion. Just trying to paste a bit of stuff here together at work....
 
Elizabeth, I am excited that I will go with my boyfriend on a trip. Future. Why does it sounds like I already been there?
It's the tence issue in Japanese. As Elizabeth mentioned, "行ってから/行ったから" is used in the case of "I've already gone (and come home)". To explain about future, "I will go", the present form "行くから" is used.

行くからうきうきです = 行く予定だからうきうきです
I am happy because I will go...

行ったからうきうきです
I am happy because I have gone...

行ってからうきうきです = 行ってからずっとうきうきです
I am happy all the time since I have gone...

Thus, "行っから" indicates the reason for "happy", "行っからうきうき" means "I'm happy from then till now".

Can you sumarrise what did you two write in Japanese?
We talked about the grammatical difference among "いきいき, うきうき, へとへと".

いきいき seems to be similar to suru-irregular verb, and へとへと seems to be similar to na-adjective.
But うきうき is a bit ambiguous (basically suru-irregular verb in my opinion).

○うきうきする
○うきうきしている
○うきうきだ
○うきうきな心
○うきうきの心

All can be used.

「移りましょう」か「かかりましょう」でしょうね

う~ん。確かに「あきあきする/します」と「あきあきだ/です」はどっちも使えるし意味もほとんど同じですね。
どちらかというと、言葉そのものより言い方や状況 (つまりcontext)によって変わってきそうですが。 隣の人に向かって同意を求めるように「もうあきあきする」とも言えるし、独り言みたいに「あー、もうあきあきだー」とも言えますからねぇ。
「あきあきしてます」とか「あきあきなんです」だと、明らかに人に対して訴えかけてる感じはしますね。
 
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How to say:

"X is my hometown"? Is it "furusato"? or "hometown" in katakana? Or maybe something entirely else?
 
How to say:

"X is my hometown"? Is it "furusato"? or "hometown" in katakana? Or maybe something entirely else?

Does "home town" mean the place where one was born and spend one's childhood, then it is furusato - 故郷.
故郷 is pronounced either furusato or kokyou.
Both are OK.

ホームタウン is not so common, especially in the sense of "home town" mentioned above.
This word is also used to refer to the place (town or city) where a sport team is based. (Similar to ホームグラウンド)
 
Yes, I meant the tometown in the first meaning. A place I was born, etc.
 
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