Konnichiwa Shinoihara:
Great post and I can imagine what your hubby and you are wondering as I went through the same when I first landed in Japan.
The first day I got my motor scooter, I was off to explore Kyoto, and it was scary not knowing a word of Japanese myself.
DEFINITELY visit Kyoto.. A good thing to do would be to purchase a few tickets to see a Maiko dancing show in Gion as this will introduce you to the famous world of Geisha. It also includes a famous green
tea ceremony at the end, served to you by the Maiko (Geisha in training), and you will also be given a small hand made Japanese ceramic plate from Kyoto..
If you are really culturaly inclined, also book a
Kabuki show ticket. You will see the beautiful old cinema named Mina-Miza located at JR train station in Shijo Kawaramachi.. This will really bring you into the culture..
Kyoto in itself should keep you busy so I would recommend possibly spending a majority of your time their. It was the second capital of Japan after Nara.
If it was me, I would rent-a-car for the entire trip as this will allow you guys to be very flexible, and no doubt see a lot more..
You don't even need to follow a map.. Most small towns have some form of accommodation, the small Japanese style inn's named 'Ryokan' are a great experience and make sure you book that yummy Japanese breakfast for morning..
Then of course you must go and visit some natural hot springs. Named 'Onsen' in Japanese..
Of course you must fully disrobe, thiscan be a little adventurous for some, but once you do it, you will want more.
The baths are usually seregated, although some can be mixed, less common.
These are of course only my suggestions, although I honestly believe Kyoto will set you straight, main city of Tokyo, two nights then out!
Hope this helps.