Conservatives, including Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, who is also LDP president, have led the push to criminalize Japanese flag desecration. In an online program in January, Takaichi said it is "a law necessary to protect Japan's honor." [...] Japan's national flag is sometimes used as a form of expression, such as to convey a protest against the government. New legal provisions about the Hinomaru might criminalize such uses of the flag and violate the constitutional right of freedom of expression. There are also worries that making an "intent to insult Japan" a requirement for punishment could encroach on freedom of thought. For this reason, some lawmakers of the LDP's project team said it may be sufficient to define the offense based on whether the act of desecration takes place in a public setting.