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To your boss, your tutor, your teacher, your host/hostess;
ただいま帰りました is the correct choice.
I suppose both host family and exchange student are often too polite at the very beginning of the stay, although I can't imagine sarcasm coming into play unless out of ignorance. The longer form at least is not common for phrase books or intro texts. I've also asked the host families within personal experience and none of them have ever heard it from their students, nor is it an expectation.The only time I ever heard ただいま帰りました outside of the aforementioned formal situations was when my host sister would say it to my host parents in a sort of "sarcastically polite" way. In my experience, your host family shouldn't, and probably doesn't, expect you to use such informal terms with them.
Maybe I worded it a bit strangely. I'm talking about a Japanese daughter walking into the room and saying that to her own parents, sort of as a joke, or in sarcasm, which isn't that uncommon in my experience. Sort of like when a man returns home here in the states and says something like, "Honey, I'm hooome!", or "I have returned!" (of course accompanied by a grandiose pose of importance).I suppose both host family and exchange student are often too polite at the very beginning of the stay, although I can't imagine sarcasm coming into play unless out of ignorance
I agreeThe longer form at least is not common for phrase books or intro texts.